Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea
Abstract Purpose Many coastal areas in the Baltic Sea are contaminated with wood fiber and pollutants from pulp and paper industries. These anthropogenic, organic-rich, sediments (fiberbanks) have not been characterized and knowledge about their role as secondary sources for dispersal of persistent...
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2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6/fulltext.html |
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crspringernat:10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 2023-05-15T17:45:14+02:00 Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea Dahlberg, Anna-Karin Apler, Anna Vogel, Lisa Wiberg, Karin Josefsson, Sarah Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial planning 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Journal of Soils and Sediments volume 20, issue 5, page 2471-2483 ISSN 1439-0108 1614-7480 Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes journal-article 2020 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 2022-01-04T12:47:47Z Abstract Purpose Many coastal areas in the Baltic Sea are contaminated with wood fiber and pollutants from pulp and paper industries. These anthropogenic, organic-rich, sediments (fiberbanks) have not been characterized and knowledge about their role as secondary sources for dispersal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is limited. Hence, the aim of this study was to elucidate the fate of POPs and the relationships between sorption ( K D and K TOC ), sediment type, and compound hydrophobicity ( K OW ) in fiber-contaminated sediments. Materials and methods Paired sediment and pore water samples ( n = 24 sites) from three fiber-contaminated areas, located in the Ångermanälven river estuary in northern Sweden, were analyzed for POPs (viz. PCBs, DDT, and HCB) in sediment types representing different fiber content (i.e., fiberbanks, fiber-rich sediments, and natural less fiber impacted sediments). The freely dissolved concentration in sediment pore water was determined by sediment-polyoxymethylene (POM) partitioning. Instrumental analysis was performed using gas chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). Results and discussion Higher levels of total organic carbon (TOC) were found in the fiberbank sediment (range 8.6–37%) than in fiber-rich sediment (range 2.0–6.5%) and more natural sediment (range 2.0–2.9%). The sediment concentrations of POPs (dry weight basis) were also found to be significantly ( p < 0.05) elevated in fiberbanks compared to the other sediment types. The fraction of DDD (48–66% of Σ 6 DDX) was larger in fiberbanks than in the other sediment types, likely due to anoxic conditions favoring reductive dechlorination of DDT. When sediment levels were normalized to TOC, HCB displayed similar levels across sediment type, suggesting a more diffuse source pattern than for PCB and DDT. Although significantly higher sorption ( K D ) of POPs was observed in fiberbanks, pore water levels were still elevated due to high bulk concentrations. Conclusions This study shows that fiberbanks are coastal hot spots for POPs in the Baltic Sea and that the levels are of ecotoxicological concern. Although the POPs are more strongly sorbed ( K D ) to this type of organic rich sediment, the high pore water concentrations in fiberbanks compared to the other sediment types investigated show that the risk of contaminant dispersal via pore water is elevated for fiberbanks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Sweden Springer Nature (via Crossref) Journal of Soils and Sediments 20 5 2471 2483 |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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English |
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Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes |
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Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes Dahlberg, Anna-Karin Apler, Anna Vogel, Lisa Wiberg, Karin Josefsson, Sarah Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
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Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes |
description |
Abstract Purpose Many coastal areas in the Baltic Sea are contaminated with wood fiber and pollutants from pulp and paper industries. These anthropogenic, organic-rich, sediments (fiberbanks) have not been characterized and knowledge about their role as secondary sources for dispersal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is limited. Hence, the aim of this study was to elucidate the fate of POPs and the relationships between sorption ( K D and K TOC ), sediment type, and compound hydrophobicity ( K OW ) in fiber-contaminated sediments. Materials and methods Paired sediment and pore water samples ( n = 24 sites) from three fiber-contaminated areas, located in the Ångermanälven river estuary in northern Sweden, were analyzed for POPs (viz. PCBs, DDT, and HCB) in sediment types representing different fiber content (i.e., fiberbanks, fiber-rich sediments, and natural less fiber impacted sediments). The freely dissolved concentration in sediment pore water was determined by sediment-polyoxymethylene (POM) partitioning. Instrumental analysis was performed using gas chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). Results and discussion Higher levels of total organic carbon (TOC) were found in the fiberbank sediment (range 8.6–37%) than in fiber-rich sediment (range 2.0–6.5%) and more natural sediment (range 2.0–2.9%). The sediment concentrations of POPs (dry weight basis) were also found to be significantly ( p < 0.05) elevated in fiberbanks compared to the other sediment types. The fraction of DDD (48–66% of Σ 6 DDX) was larger in fiberbanks than in the other sediment types, likely due to anoxic conditions favoring reductive dechlorination of DDT. When sediment levels were normalized to TOC, HCB displayed similar levels across sediment type, suggesting a more diffuse source pattern than for PCB and DDT. Although significantly higher sorption ( K D ) of POPs was observed in fiberbanks, pore water levels were still elevated due to high bulk concentrations. Conclusions This study shows that fiberbanks are coastal hot spots for POPs in the Baltic Sea and that the levels are of ecotoxicological concern. Although the POPs are more strongly sorbed ( K D ) to this type of organic rich sediment, the high pore water concentrations in fiberbanks compared to the other sediment types investigated show that the risk of contaminant dispersal via pore water is elevated for fiberbanks. |
author2 |
Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial planning |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dahlberg, Anna-Karin Apler, Anna Vogel, Lisa Wiberg, Karin Josefsson, Sarah |
author_facet |
Dahlberg, Anna-Karin Apler, Anna Vogel, Lisa Wiberg, Karin Josefsson, Sarah |
author_sort |
Dahlberg, Anna-Karin |
title |
Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
title_short |
Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
title_full |
Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
title_fullStr |
Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the Baltic Sea |
title_sort |
persistent organic pollutants in wood fiber–contaminated sediments from the baltic sea |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6/fulltext.html |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_source |
Journal of Soils and Sediments volume 20, issue 5, page 2471-2483 ISSN 1439-0108 1614-7480 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02610-6 |
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Journal of Soils and Sediments |
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20 |
container_issue |
5 |
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2471 |
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2483 |
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1766148080776773632 |