Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review
Abstract Global environmental changes not only contribute to the modification of global pollution transport pathways but can also alter contaminant fate within the Arctic. Recent reports underline the importance of secondary sources of pollution, e.g. melting glaciers, thawing permafrost or increase...
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Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2021
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6/fulltext.html |
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crspringernat:10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 2023-05-15T14:52:04+02:00 Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review Rudnicka-Kępa, Paulina Zaborska, Agata 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Environmental Monitoring and Assessment volume 193, issue 11 ISSN 0167-6369 1573-2959 Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution General Environmental Science General Medicine journal-article 2021 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 2022-01-04T12:06:19Z Abstract Global environmental changes not only contribute to the modification of global pollution transport pathways but can also alter contaminant fate within the Arctic. Recent reports underline the importance of secondary sources of pollution, e.g. melting glaciers, thawing permafrost or increased riverine run-off. This article reviews reports on the European Arctic–we concentrate on the Svalbard region–and environmental contamination by inorganic pollutants (heavy metals and artificial radionuclides), including their transport pathways, their fate in the Arctic environment and the concentrations of individual elements in the ecosystem. This review presents in detail the secondary contaminant sources and tries to identify knowledge gaps, as well as indicate needs for further research. Concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides in Svalbard have been studied, in various environmental elements since the beginning of the twentieth century. In the last 5 years, the highest concentrations of Cd (13 mg kg −1 ) and As (28 mg kg −1 ) were recorded for organic-rich soils, while levels of Pb (99 mg kg −1 ), Hg (1 mg kg −1 ), Zn (496 mg kg −1 ) and Cu (688 mg kg −1 ) were recorded for marine sediments. Increased heavy metal concentrations were also recorded in some flora and fauna species. For radionuclides in the last 5 years, the highest concentrations of 137 Cs (4500 Bq kg −1 ), 238 Pu (2 Bq kg −1 ) and 239 + 240 Pu (43 Bq kg −1 ) were recorded for cryoconites, and the highest concentration of 241 Am (570 Bq kg −1 ) was recorded in surface sediments. However, no contamination of flora and fauna with radionuclides was observed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Svalbard Springer Nature (via Crossref) Arctic Svalbard Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 193 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crspringernat |
language |
English |
topic |
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution General Environmental Science General Medicine |
spellingShingle |
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution General Environmental Science General Medicine Rudnicka-Kępa, Paulina Zaborska, Agata Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
topic_facet |
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution General Environmental Science General Medicine |
description |
Abstract Global environmental changes not only contribute to the modification of global pollution transport pathways but can also alter contaminant fate within the Arctic. Recent reports underline the importance of secondary sources of pollution, e.g. melting glaciers, thawing permafrost or increased riverine run-off. This article reviews reports on the European Arctic–we concentrate on the Svalbard region–and environmental contamination by inorganic pollutants (heavy metals and artificial radionuclides), including their transport pathways, their fate in the Arctic environment and the concentrations of individual elements in the ecosystem. This review presents in detail the secondary contaminant sources and tries to identify knowledge gaps, as well as indicate needs for further research. Concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides in Svalbard have been studied, in various environmental elements since the beginning of the twentieth century. In the last 5 years, the highest concentrations of Cd (13 mg kg −1 ) and As (28 mg kg −1 ) were recorded for organic-rich soils, while levels of Pb (99 mg kg −1 ), Hg (1 mg kg −1 ), Zn (496 mg kg −1 ) and Cu (688 mg kg −1 ) were recorded for marine sediments. Increased heavy metal concentrations were also recorded in some flora and fauna species. For radionuclides in the last 5 years, the highest concentrations of 137 Cs (4500 Bq kg −1 ), 238 Pu (2 Bq kg −1 ) and 239 + 240 Pu (43 Bq kg −1 ) were recorded for cryoconites, and the highest concentration of 241 Am (570 Bq kg −1 ) was recorded in surface sediments. However, no contamination of flora and fauna with radionuclides was observed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rudnicka-Kępa, Paulina Zaborska, Agata |
author_facet |
Rudnicka-Kępa, Paulina Zaborska, Agata |
author_sort |
Rudnicka-Kępa, Paulina |
title |
Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
title_short |
Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
title_full |
Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
title_fullStr |
Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the Svalbard area, representative of a typical Arctic critical environment–a review |
title_sort |
sources, fate and distribution of inorganic contaminants in the svalbard area, representative of a typical arctic critical environment–a review |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6/fulltext.html |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
op_source |
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment volume 193, issue 11 ISSN 0167-6369 1573-2959 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09305-6 |
container_title |
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |
container_volume |
193 |
container_issue |
11 |
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1766323190526640128 |