Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S)
Abstract Neogene volcanic centres are uncommon in the Transantarctic Mountains but at least three basaltic examples occur within 300 km of South Pole, above 2200 m asl and inland of the margin of the West Antarctic Rift System. They are the southernmost volcanoes on Earth and have yielded Early—mid...
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crspringernat:10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y 2023-05-15T14:06:03+02:00 Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) Smellie, J. L. Panter, K. S. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Bulletin of Volcanology volume 83, issue 8 ISSN 0258-8900 1432-0819 Geochemistry and Petrology journal-article 2021 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y 2022-01-04T08:09:36Z Abstract Neogene volcanic centres are uncommon in the Transantarctic Mountains but at least three basaltic examples occur within 300 km of South Pole, above 2200 m asl and inland of the margin of the West Antarctic Rift System. They are the southernmost volcanoes on Earth and have yielded Early—mid Miocene isotopic ages. Two of the centres, at Mt Early and Sheridan Bluff, have been examined. The centre at Mt Early is unequivocally glaciovolcanic. It formed a tall monogenetic volcanic edifice at least 1 km high and > 1.5 km in diameter. It erupted under significantly thicker-than-modern ice, which was probably a fast-moving ice stream at the eruptive site and resulted in a distinctive constructive architecture and lithofacies. It is the first described example of a glaciovolcano erupted beneath an ice stream. The characteristics of the second centre at Sheridan Bluff indicate that it was also a monogenetic volcano but with a shield-like profile, originally c. 6 km in basal diameter but just c. 400 m high. It probably erupted in a substantial pluvial lake in an ice-poor or ice-free environment. The strongly contrasting eruptive settings now identified by the volcanic sequences at both centres examined testify to a highly dynamic Antarctic Ice Sheet during the Early—mid Miocene. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet South pole South pole Springer Nature (via Crossref) Antarctic Sheridan Bluff ENVELOPE(-153.500,-153.500,-86.883,-86.883) South Pole Transantarctic Mountains Bulletin of Volcanology 83 8 |
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Open Polar |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crspringernat |
language |
English |
topic |
Geochemistry and Petrology |
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Geochemistry and Petrology Smellie, J. L. Panter, K. S. Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
topic_facet |
Geochemistry and Petrology |
description |
Abstract Neogene volcanic centres are uncommon in the Transantarctic Mountains but at least three basaltic examples occur within 300 km of South Pole, above 2200 m asl and inland of the margin of the West Antarctic Rift System. They are the southernmost volcanoes on Earth and have yielded Early—mid Miocene isotopic ages. Two of the centres, at Mt Early and Sheridan Bluff, have been examined. The centre at Mt Early is unequivocally glaciovolcanic. It formed a tall monogenetic volcanic edifice at least 1 km high and > 1.5 km in diameter. It erupted under significantly thicker-than-modern ice, which was probably a fast-moving ice stream at the eruptive site and resulted in a distinctive constructive architecture and lithofacies. It is the first described example of a glaciovolcano erupted beneath an ice stream. The characteristics of the second centre at Sheridan Bluff indicate that it was also a monogenetic volcano but with a shield-like profile, originally c. 6 km in basal diameter but just c. 400 m high. It probably erupted in a substantial pluvial lake in an ice-poor or ice-free environment. The strongly contrasting eruptive settings now identified by the volcanic sequences at both centres examined testify to a highly dynamic Antarctic Ice Sheet during the Early—mid Miocene. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Smellie, J. L. Panter, K. S. |
author_facet |
Smellie, J. L. Panter, K. S. |
author_sort |
Smellie, J. L. |
title |
Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
title_short |
Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
title_full |
Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
title_fullStr |
Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° S) |
title_sort |
lithofacies and eruptive conditions of the southernmost volcanoes in the world (87° s) |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y/fulltext.html |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-153.500,-153.500,-86.883,-86.883) |
geographic |
Antarctic Sheridan Bluff South Pole Transantarctic Mountains |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Sheridan Bluff South Pole Transantarctic Mountains |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet South pole South pole |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice Sheet South pole South pole |
op_source |
Bulletin of Volcanology volume 83, issue 8 ISSN 0258-8900 1432-0819 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01475-y |
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Bulletin of Volcanology |
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83 |
container_issue |
8 |
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