Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña
Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is known to affect the Northern Hemisphere tropospheric circulation in late-winter (January–March), but whether El Niño and La Niña lead to symmetric impacts and with the same underlying dynamics remains unclear, particularly in the North Atlantic. Three...
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2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y/fulltext.html |
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crspringernat:10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y 2023-05-15T17:28:25+02:00 Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña Mezzina, Bianca García-Serrano, Javier Bladé, Ileana Palmeiro, Froila M. Batté, Lauriane Ardilouze, Constantin Benassi, Marianna Gualdi, Silvio European Commission Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Climate Dynamics ISSN 0930-7575 1432-0894 Atmospheric Science journal-article 2020 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y 2022-01-04T16:23:29Z Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is known to affect the Northern Hemisphere tropospheric circulation in late-winter (January–March), but whether El Niño and La Niña lead to symmetric impacts and with the same underlying dynamics remains unclear, particularly in the North Atlantic. Three state-of-the-art atmospheric models forced by symmetric anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) patterns, mimicking strong ENSO events, are used to robustly diagnose symmetries and asymmetries in the extra-tropical ENSO response. Asymmetries arise in the sea-level pressure (SLP) response over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, as the response to La Niña tends to be weaker and shifted westward with respect to that of El Niño. The difference in amplitude can be traced back to the distinct energy available for the two ENSO phases associated with the non-linear diabatic heating response to the total SST field. The longitudinal shift is embedded into the large-scale Rossby wave train triggered from the tropical Pacific, as its anomalies in the upper troposphere show a similar westward displacement in La Niña compared to El Niño. To fully explain this shift, the response in tropical convection and the related anomalous upper-level divergence have to be considered together with the climatological vorticity gradient of the subtropical jet, i.e. diagnosing the tropical Rossby wave source. In the North Atlantic, the ENSO-forced SLP signal is a well-known dipole between middle and high latitudes, different from the North Atlantic Oscillation, whose asymmetry is not indicative of distinct mechanisms driving the teleconnection for El Niño and La Niña. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Springer Nature (via Crossref) Pacific Climate Dynamics |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Mezzina, Bianca García-Serrano, Javier Bladé, Ileana Palmeiro, Froila M. Batté, Lauriane Ardilouze, Constantin Benassi, Marianna Gualdi, Silvio Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science |
description |
Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is known to affect the Northern Hemisphere tropospheric circulation in late-winter (January–March), but whether El Niño and La Niña lead to symmetric impacts and with the same underlying dynamics remains unclear, particularly in the North Atlantic. Three state-of-the-art atmospheric models forced by symmetric anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) patterns, mimicking strong ENSO events, are used to robustly diagnose symmetries and asymmetries in the extra-tropical ENSO response. Asymmetries arise in the sea-level pressure (SLP) response over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, as the response to La Niña tends to be weaker and shifted westward with respect to that of El Niño. The difference in amplitude can be traced back to the distinct energy available for the two ENSO phases associated with the non-linear diabatic heating response to the total SST field. The longitudinal shift is embedded into the large-scale Rossby wave train triggered from the tropical Pacific, as its anomalies in the upper troposphere show a similar westward displacement in La Niña compared to El Niño. To fully explain this shift, the response in tropical convection and the related anomalous upper-level divergence have to be considered together with the climatological vorticity gradient of the subtropical jet, i.e. diagnosing the tropical Rossby wave source. In the North Atlantic, the ENSO-forced SLP signal is a well-known dipole between middle and high latitudes, different from the North Atlantic Oscillation, whose asymmetry is not indicative of distinct mechanisms driving the teleconnection for El Niño and La Niña. |
author2 |
European Commission Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mezzina, Bianca García-Serrano, Javier Bladé, Ileana Palmeiro, Froila M. Batté, Lauriane Ardilouze, Constantin Benassi, Marianna Gualdi, Silvio |
author_facet |
Mezzina, Bianca García-Serrano, Javier Bladé, Ileana Palmeiro, Froila M. Batté, Lauriane Ardilouze, Constantin Benassi, Marianna Gualdi, Silvio |
author_sort |
Mezzina, Bianca |
title |
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
title_short |
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
title_full |
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
title_fullStr |
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña |
title_sort |
multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to el niño and la niña |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y/fulltext.html |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Climate Dynamics ISSN 0930-7575 1432-0894 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05415-y |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
_version_ |
1766121081713721344 |