Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes
Abstract This study investigated the drivers and physical processes for the abrupt decadal summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes that occurred over Northeast Asia in the mid-1990s. Observations indicate an abrupt increase in summer mean surface air temperature (SAT) over N...
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crspringernat:10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 2023-05-15T18:18:59+02:00 Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes Dong, Buwen Sutton, Rowan T. Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaodong Lu, Riyu Sun, Ying 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3/fulltext.html http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Advances in Atmospheric Sciences volume 33, issue 9, page 1005-1023 ISSN 0256-1530 1861-9533 Atmospheric Science journal-article 2016 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 2022-01-04T14:24:30Z Abstract This study investigated the drivers and physical processes for the abrupt decadal summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes that occurred over Northeast Asia in the mid-1990s. Observations indicate an abrupt increase in summer mean surface air temperature (SAT) over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s. Accompanying this abrupt surface warming, significant changes in some temperature extremes, characterized by increases in summer mean daily maximum temperature (Tmax), daily minimum temperature (Tmin), annual hottest day temperature (TXx), and annual warmest night temperature (TNx) were observed. There were also increases in the frequency of summer days (SU) and tropical nights (TR). Atmospheric general circulation model experiments forced by changes in sea surface temperature (SST)/sea ice extent (SIE), anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and anthropogenic aerosol (AA) forcing, relative to the period 1964–93, reproduced the general patterns of observed summer mean SAT changes and associated changes in temperature extremes, although the abrupt decrease in precipitation since the mid-1990s was not simulated. Additional model experiments with different forcings indicated that changes in SST/SIE explained 76% of the area-averaged summer mean surface warming signal over Northeast Asia, while the direct impact of changes in GHG and AA explained the remaining 24% of the surface warming signal. Analysis of physical processes indicated that the direct impact of the changes in AA (through aerosol–radiation and aerosol–cloud interactions), mainly related to the reduction of AA precursor emissions over Europe, played a dominant role in the increase in TXx and a similarly important role as SST/SIE changes in the increase in the frequency of SU over Northeast Asia via AA-induced coupled atmosphere–land surface and cloud feedbacks, rather than through a direct impact of AA changes on cloud condensation nuclei. The modelling results also imply that the abrupt summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s will probably sustain in the next few decades as GHG concentrations continue to increase and AA precursor emissions over both North America and Europe continue to decrease. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Springer Nature (via Crossref) Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 33 9 1005 1023 |
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Open Polar |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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crspringernat |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Dong, Buwen Sutton, Rowan T. Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaodong Lu, Riyu Sun, Ying Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science |
description |
Abstract This study investigated the drivers and physical processes for the abrupt decadal summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes that occurred over Northeast Asia in the mid-1990s. Observations indicate an abrupt increase in summer mean surface air temperature (SAT) over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s. Accompanying this abrupt surface warming, significant changes in some temperature extremes, characterized by increases in summer mean daily maximum temperature (Tmax), daily minimum temperature (Tmin), annual hottest day temperature (TXx), and annual warmest night temperature (TNx) were observed. There were also increases in the frequency of summer days (SU) and tropical nights (TR). Atmospheric general circulation model experiments forced by changes in sea surface temperature (SST)/sea ice extent (SIE), anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and anthropogenic aerosol (AA) forcing, relative to the period 1964–93, reproduced the general patterns of observed summer mean SAT changes and associated changes in temperature extremes, although the abrupt decrease in precipitation since the mid-1990s was not simulated. Additional model experiments with different forcings indicated that changes in SST/SIE explained 76% of the area-averaged summer mean surface warming signal over Northeast Asia, while the direct impact of changes in GHG and AA explained the remaining 24% of the surface warming signal. Analysis of physical processes indicated that the direct impact of the changes in AA (through aerosol–radiation and aerosol–cloud interactions), mainly related to the reduction of AA precursor emissions over Europe, played a dominant role in the increase in TXx and a similarly important role as SST/SIE changes in the increase in the frequency of SU over Northeast Asia via AA-induced coupled atmosphere–land surface and cloud feedbacks, rather than through a direct impact of AA changes on cloud condensation nuclei. The modelling results also imply that the abrupt summer surface warming and increases in hot temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s will probably sustain in the next few decades as GHG concentrations continue to increase and AA precursor emissions over both North America and Europe continue to decrease. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Dong, Buwen Sutton, Rowan T. Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaodong Lu, Riyu Sun, Ying |
author_facet |
Dong, Buwen Sutton, Rowan T. Chen, Wei Liu, Xiaodong Lu, Riyu Sun, Ying |
author_sort |
Dong, Buwen |
title |
Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
title_short |
Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
title_full |
Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
title_fullStr |
Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over Northeast Asia since the mid-1990s: Drivers and physical processes |
title_sort |
abrupt summer warming and changes in temperature extremes over northeast asia since the mid-1990s: drivers and physical processes |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3/fulltext.html http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Advances in Atmospheric Sciences volume 33, issue 9, page 1005-1023 ISSN 0256-1530 1861-9533 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-016-5247-3 |
container_title |
Advances in Atmospheric Sciences |
container_volume |
33 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1005 |
op_container_end_page |
1023 |
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1766195787429052416 |