Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis
European countries differ widely in terms of vocational education and training (VET) tradition and the delivery of VET at the upper secondary level. A statistical approach to build a classification of VET systems in Europe is presented in the present article on the grounds of the size of the vocatio...
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crsagepubl:10.1177/14749041221151189 2024-05-19T07:42:48+00:00 Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis Salas-Velasco, Manuel 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14749041221151189 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/14749041221151189 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/14749041221151189 en eng SAGE Publications https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license European Educational Research Journal volume 23, issue 3, page 434-449 ISSN 1474-9041 1474-9041 journal-article 2023 crsagepubl https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041221151189 2024-05-02T09:40:17Z European countries differ widely in terms of vocational education and training (VET) tradition and the delivery of VET at the upper secondary level. A statistical approach to build a classification of VET systems in Europe is presented in the present article on the grounds of the size of the vocational enrollment, on the one hand, and the percentage of vocational enrollment in programs in which work and school are combined, on the other hand. Twenty-two European countries with full available information are considered in the study: 18 European Union (EU) countries, three Schengen Area (non-EU) countries (Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland), and the UK (non-EU state outside Schengen). Cluster analysis is a quantitative form of classification. The country groupings emerging from the K-means analysis performed in this paper allow us to distinguish mainly between vocational-oriented countries with high vocational specificity (e.g. Germany, Switzerland, and Austria), highly vocational-oriented countries with traditionally school-based VET programs (e.g. the Czech Republic and Slovakia), and less vocationally-oriented countries (general education-oriented countries such as Estonia and Spain). Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland SAGE Publications European Educational Research Journal 147490412211511 |
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English |
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European countries differ widely in terms of vocational education and training (VET) tradition and the delivery of VET at the upper secondary level. A statistical approach to build a classification of VET systems in Europe is presented in the present article on the grounds of the size of the vocational enrollment, on the one hand, and the percentage of vocational enrollment in programs in which work and school are combined, on the other hand. Twenty-two European countries with full available information are considered in the study: 18 European Union (EU) countries, three Schengen Area (non-EU) countries (Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland), and the UK (non-EU state outside Schengen). Cluster analysis is a quantitative form of classification. The country groupings emerging from the K-means analysis performed in this paper allow us to distinguish mainly between vocational-oriented countries with high vocational specificity (e.g. Germany, Switzerland, and Austria), highly vocational-oriented countries with traditionally school-based VET programs (e.g. the Czech Republic and Slovakia), and less vocationally-oriented countries (general education-oriented countries such as Estonia and Spain). |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Salas-Velasco, Manuel |
spellingShingle |
Salas-Velasco, Manuel Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
author_facet |
Salas-Velasco, Manuel |
author_sort |
Salas-Velasco, Manuel |
title |
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
title_short |
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
title_full |
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
title_fullStr |
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis |
title_sort |
vocational education and training systems in europe: a cluster analysis |
publisher |
SAGE Publications |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14749041221151189 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/14749041221151189 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/14749041221151189 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
European Educational Research Journal volume 23, issue 3, page 434-449 ISSN 1474-9041 1474-9041 |
op_rights |
https://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041221151189 |
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European Educational Research Journal |
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147490412211511 |
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1799482508740395008 |