Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice
In contrast to the Arctic, total sea ice extent (SIE) across the Southern Ocean has increased since the late 1970s, with the annual mean increasing at a rate of 186×10 3 km 2 per decade (1.5% per decade; p <0.01) for 1979–2013. However, this overall increase masks larger regional variations, most...
Published in: | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 2024-06-23T07:45:28+00:00 Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice Turner, John Hosking, J. Scott Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Marshall, Gareth J. Phillips, Tony 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences volume 373, issue 2045, page 20140163 ISSN 1364-503X 1471-2962 journal-article 2015 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 2024-06-04T06:23:09Z In contrast to the Arctic, total sea ice extent (SIE) across the Southern Ocean has increased since the late 1970s, with the annual mean increasing at a rate of 186×10 3 km 2 per decade (1.5% per decade; p <0.01) for 1979–2013. However, this overall increase masks larger regional variations, most notably an increase (decrease) over the Ross (Amundsen–Bellingshausen) Sea. Sea ice variability results from changes in atmospheric and oceanic conditions, although the former is thought to be more significant, since there is a high correlation between anomalies in the ice concentration and the near-surface wind field. The Southern Ocean SIE trend is dominated by the increase in the Ross Sea sector, where the SIE is significantly correlated with the depth of the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), which has deepened since 1979. The depth of the ASL is influenced by a number of external factors, including tropical sea surface temperatures, but the low also has a large locally driven intrinsic variability, suggesting that SIE in these areas is especially variable. Many of the current generation of coupled climate models have difficulty in simulating sea ice. However, output from the better-performing IPCC CMIP5 models suggests that the recent increase in Antarctic SIE may be within the bounds of intrinsic/internal variability. Article in Journal/Newspaper Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean The Royal Society Amundsen Sea Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Southern Ocean Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373 2045 20140163 |
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crroyalsociety |
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English |
description |
In contrast to the Arctic, total sea ice extent (SIE) across the Southern Ocean has increased since the late 1970s, with the annual mean increasing at a rate of 186×10 3 km 2 per decade (1.5% per decade; p <0.01) for 1979–2013. However, this overall increase masks larger regional variations, most notably an increase (decrease) over the Ross (Amundsen–Bellingshausen) Sea. Sea ice variability results from changes in atmospheric and oceanic conditions, although the former is thought to be more significant, since there is a high correlation between anomalies in the ice concentration and the near-surface wind field. The Southern Ocean SIE trend is dominated by the increase in the Ross Sea sector, where the SIE is significantly correlated with the depth of the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), which has deepened since 1979. The depth of the ASL is influenced by a number of external factors, including tropical sea surface temperatures, but the low also has a large locally driven intrinsic variability, suggesting that SIE in these areas is especially variable. Many of the current generation of coupled climate models have difficulty in simulating sea ice. However, output from the better-performing IPCC CMIP5 models suggests that the recent increase in Antarctic SIE may be within the bounds of intrinsic/internal variability. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Turner, John Hosking, J. Scott Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Marshall, Gareth J. Phillips, Tony |
spellingShingle |
Turner, John Hosking, J. Scott Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Marshall, Gareth J. Phillips, Tony Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
author_facet |
Turner, John Hosking, J. Scott Bracegirdle, Thomas J. Marshall, Gareth J. Phillips, Tony |
author_sort |
Turner, John |
title |
Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
title_short |
Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
title_full |
Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
title_fullStr |
Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Recent changes in Antarctic Sea Ice |
title_sort |
recent changes in antarctic sea ice |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 |
geographic |
Amundsen Sea Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Amundsen Sea Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Southern Ocean |
genre |
Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Bellingshausen Sea Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences volume 373, issue 2045, page 20140163 ISSN 1364-503X 1471-2962 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0163 |
container_title |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |
container_volume |
373 |
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2045 |
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20140163 |
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