Trace metals as tracers in the ocean
The trace metals that have the greatest potential value as tracers for circulation and mixing in the ocean are markedly non-conservative, with short oceanic residence times. Their distributions strongly reflect the influence of sources either at boundaries or within the water column itself. The sign...
Published in: | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 2023-05-15T17:45:48+02:00 Trace metals as tracers in the ocean 1988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences volume 325, issue 1583, page 127-145 ISSN 0080-4614 2054-0272 General Engineering journal-article 1988 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 2022-05-11T09:42:40Z The trace metals that have the greatest potential value as tracers for circulation and mixing in the ocean are markedly non-conservative, with short oceanic residence times. Their distributions strongly reflect the influence of sources either at boundaries or within the water column itself. The signals arising from these inputs can act as indicators for sources and transport pathways. These characteristics are well exemplified by dissolved manganese, which shows variations in concentration within the ocean that reflect the advection and mixing of waters that have acquired enhanced concentrations as a result of three principal processes. First, injection at the sea floor in hydrothermal fluids leads to anomalies in deep-water concentrations that are detectable over about 1000 km in parts of the Pacific Ocean. At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the advection of hydrothermal inputs is largely restricted by the topography of the axial rift valley, but the signals have proved valuable in exploration for hydrothermal sites. Secondly, pronounced maxima are associated with the highly oxygen-deficient waters of the oxygen minimum in parts of the eastern North Pacific Ocean. They are accounted for by in situ remobilization from particulate forms of manganese and by lateral advection from sources at the ocean margins. Interpretation of the data for the manganese maximum layer with two-dimensional box models has illustrated the potential to estimate lateral advective velocities on the basis of fluxes of manganese. Thirdly, the occurrence of maxima in the surface mixed layer of the ocean, which is particularly marked in areas where aeolian inputs appear to be an important source for dissolved manganese, suggests its potential use as a tracer for mixing and transport in the upper ocean. In all three cases, a more detailed and quantitative knowledge of the geochemical processes that determine the observed features will be needed if the potential for tracer applications is to be fully realized. Dissolved aluminium varies in concentration in deep-ocean waters by about two orders of magnitude, suggesting that it may be useful as a tracer for the movement and mixing of water masses. Systematic differences in concentration occur in water masses in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, but the origins of the differences remain to be clarified. Beryllium may also serve to identify water masses in the Atlantic Ocean. The few data available for cobalt suggest that this metal also may find applications as a tracer. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northwest Atlantic The Royal Society (via Crossref) Mid-Atlantic Ridge Pacific Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 325 1583 127 145 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Royal Society (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
topic |
General Engineering |
spellingShingle |
General Engineering Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
topic_facet |
General Engineering |
description |
The trace metals that have the greatest potential value as tracers for circulation and mixing in the ocean are markedly non-conservative, with short oceanic residence times. Their distributions strongly reflect the influence of sources either at boundaries or within the water column itself. The signals arising from these inputs can act as indicators for sources and transport pathways. These characteristics are well exemplified by dissolved manganese, which shows variations in concentration within the ocean that reflect the advection and mixing of waters that have acquired enhanced concentrations as a result of three principal processes. First, injection at the sea floor in hydrothermal fluids leads to anomalies in deep-water concentrations that are detectable over about 1000 km in parts of the Pacific Ocean. At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the advection of hydrothermal inputs is largely restricted by the topography of the axial rift valley, but the signals have proved valuable in exploration for hydrothermal sites. Secondly, pronounced maxima are associated with the highly oxygen-deficient waters of the oxygen minimum in parts of the eastern North Pacific Ocean. They are accounted for by in situ remobilization from particulate forms of manganese and by lateral advection from sources at the ocean margins. Interpretation of the data for the manganese maximum layer with two-dimensional box models has illustrated the potential to estimate lateral advective velocities on the basis of fluxes of manganese. Thirdly, the occurrence of maxima in the surface mixed layer of the ocean, which is particularly marked in areas where aeolian inputs appear to be an important source for dissolved manganese, suggests its potential use as a tracer for mixing and transport in the upper ocean. In all three cases, a more detailed and quantitative knowledge of the geochemical processes that determine the observed features will be needed if the potential for tracer applications is to be fully realized. Dissolved aluminium varies in concentration in deep-ocean waters by about two orders of magnitude, suggesting that it may be useful as a tracer for the movement and mixing of water masses. Systematic differences in concentration occur in water masses in the northwest Atlantic Ocean, but the origins of the differences remain to be clarified. Beryllium may also serve to identify water masses in the Atlantic Ocean. The few data available for cobalt suggest that this metal also may find applications as a tracer. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
title_short |
Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
title_full |
Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
title_fullStr |
Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
title_sort |
trace metals as tracers in the ocean |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
1988 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 |
geographic |
Mid-Atlantic Ridge Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Mid-Atlantic Ridge Pacific |
genre |
Northwest Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Northwest Atlantic |
op_source |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences volume 325, issue 1583, page 127-145 ISSN 0080-4614 2054-0272 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0047 |
container_title |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
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325 |
container_issue |
1583 |
container_start_page |
127 |
op_container_end_page |
145 |
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1766149057989836800 |