Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology
Iceland, the only substantial landmass astride a mid-oceanic ridge, supplies details of how the necessary dilation for continental drift could be accomplished. Two types of approach have been made. In one, the visible dilation—evidenced by gaping cracks and volcanic fissure eruptions—in the active v...
Published in: | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 2024-09-09T19:46:11+00:00 Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology 1965 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences volume 258, issue 1088, page 199-204 ISSN 0080-4614 2054-0272 journal-article 1965 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 2024-08-05T04:35:26Z Iceland, the only substantial landmass astride a mid-oceanic ridge, supplies details of how the necessary dilation for continental drift could be accomplished. Two types of approach have been made. In one, the visible dilation—evidenced by gaping cracks and volcanic fissure eruptions—in the active volcanic zones crossing Iceland has been measured. It amounts to about 30 m in the last 3000 to 5000 yr. In the other, the dykes—dilation fissures infilled with once-fluid basalt— which fed the Tertiary lavas of the older parts of Iceland have been measured. It is found that a prism of basalt lavas with a cross-section of 80 km2 requires 3 to 6 km in thickness of dyke feeders. Extending these figures, for a prism of lavas 10 km thick with the present width of Iceland, a dilation of 200 to 400 km of dyke feeders is necessitated. While a dilation of this order is much less than the amount needed to separate America from Europe, it at least shows how substantial amounts of dilation could be achieved by dyke injection. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland The Royal Society Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 258 1088 199 204 |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
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English |
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Iceland, the only substantial landmass astride a mid-oceanic ridge, supplies details of how the necessary dilation for continental drift could be accomplished. Two types of approach have been made. In one, the visible dilation—evidenced by gaping cracks and volcanic fissure eruptions—in the active volcanic zones crossing Iceland has been measured. It amounts to about 30 m in the last 3000 to 5000 yr. In the other, the dykes—dilation fissures infilled with once-fluid basalt— which fed the Tertiary lavas of the older parts of Iceland have been measured. It is found that a prism of basalt lavas with a cross-section of 80 km2 requires 3 to 6 km in thickness of dyke feeders. Extending these figures, for a prism of lavas 10 km thick with the present width of Iceland, a dilation of 200 to 400 km of dyke feeders is necessitated. While a dilation of this order is much less than the amount needed to separate America from Europe, it at least shows how substantial amounts of dilation could be achieved by dyke injection. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
spellingShingle |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
title_short |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
title_full |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
title_fullStr |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evidence of crustal drift from Icelandic geology |
title_sort |
evidence of crustal drift from icelandic geology |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
1965 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences volume 258, issue 1088, page 199-204 ISSN 0080-4614 2054-0272 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1965.0034 |
container_title |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
container_volume |
258 |
container_issue |
1088 |
container_start_page |
199 |
op_container_end_page |
204 |
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1809915716467425280 |