Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod
Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation allow populations to cope with global change, but limits and costs to adaptation under multiple stressors are insufficiently understood. We reared a foundational copepod species, Acartia hudsonica , under ambient (AM), ocean warming (OW), ocean acidi...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 2024-06-02T08:12:36+00:00 Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod deMayo, James A. Brennan, Reid S. Pespeni, Melissa H. Finiguerra, Michael Norton, Lydia Park, Gihong Baumann, Hannes Dam, Hans G. National Science Foundation Connecticut Sea Grant, University of Connecticut University of Connecticut 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 290, issue 2006 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 journal-article 2023 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 2024-05-07T14:16:12Z Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation allow populations to cope with global change, but limits and costs to adaptation under multiple stressors are insufficiently understood. We reared a foundational copepod species, Acartia hudsonica , under ambient (AM), ocean warming (OW), ocean acidification (OA), and combined ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions for 11 generations (approx. 1 year) and measured population fitness (net reproductive rate) derived from six life-history traits (egg production, hatching success, survival, development time, body size and sex ratio). Copepods under OW and OWA exhibited an initial approximately 40% fitness decline relative to AM, but fully recovered within four generations, consistent with an adaptive response and demonstrating synergy between stressors. At generation 11, however, fitness was approximately 24% lower for OWA compared with the AM lineage, consistent with the cost of producing OWA-adapted phenotypes. Fitness of the OWA lineage was not affected by reversal to AM or low food environments, indicating sustained phenotypic plasticity. These results mimic those of a congener, Acartia tonsa , while additionally suggesting that synergistic effects of simultaneous stressors exert costs that limit fitness recovery but can sustain plasticity. Thus, even when closely related species experience similar stressors, species-specific costs shape their unique adaptive responses. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Copepods The Royal Society Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 290 2006 |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation allow populations to cope with global change, but limits and costs to adaptation under multiple stressors are insufficiently understood. We reared a foundational copepod species, Acartia hudsonica , under ambient (AM), ocean warming (OW), ocean acidification (OA), and combined ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions for 11 generations (approx. 1 year) and measured population fitness (net reproductive rate) derived from six life-history traits (egg production, hatching success, survival, development time, body size and sex ratio). Copepods under OW and OWA exhibited an initial approximately 40% fitness decline relative to AM, but fully recovered within four generations, consistent with an adaptive response and demonstrating synergy between stressors. At generation 11, however, fitness was approximately 24% lower for OWA compared with the AM lineage, consistent with the cost of producing OWA-adapted phenotypes. Fitness of the OWA lineage was not affected by reversal to AM or low food environments, indicating sustained phenotypic plasticity. These results mimic those of a congener, Acartia tonsa , while additionally suggesting that synergistic effects of simultaneous stressors exert costs that limit fitness recovery but can sustain plasticity. Thus, even when closely related species experience similar stressors, species-specific costs shape their unique adaptive responses. |
author2 |
National Science Foundation Connecticut Sea Grant, University of Connecticut University of Connecticut |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
deMayo, James A. Brennan, Reid S. Pespeni, Melissa H. Finiguerra, Michael Norton, Lydia Park, Gihong Baumann, Hannes Dam, Hans G. |
spellingShingle |
deMayo, James A. Brennan, Reid S. Pespeni, Melissa H. Finiguerra, Michael Norton, Lydia Park, Gihong Baumann, Hannes Dam, Hans G. Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
author_facet |
deMayo, James A. Brennan, Reid S. Pespeni, Melissa H. Finiguerra, Michael Norton, Lydia Park, Gihong Baumann, Hannes Dam, Hans G. |
author_sort |
deMayo, James A. |
title |
Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
title_short |
Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
title_full |
Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
title_fullStr |
Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
title_sort |
simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 |
genre |
Ocean acidification Copepods |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification Copepods |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 290, issue 2006 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.1033 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
290 |
container_issue |
2006 |
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1800759074240856064 |