Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance?
Body condition is central to how animals balance foraging with predator avoidance—a trade-off that fundamentally affects animal fitness. Animals in poor condition may accept greater predation risk to satisfy current foraging ‘needs’, while those in good condition may be more risk averse to protect f...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 2024-09-09T19:48:58+00:00 Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? Siegal, Eilidh Hooker, Sascha K. Isojunno, Saana Miller, Patrick J. O. DGA Office of Naval Research US Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 289, issue 1967 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 journal-article 2022 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 2024-06-17T04:20:05Z Body condition is central to how animals balance foraging with predator avoidance—a trade-off that fundamentally affects animal fitness. Animals in poor condition may accept greater predation risk to satisfy current foraging ‘needs’, while those in good condition may be more risk averse to protect future ‘assets’. These state-dependent behavioural predictions can help interpret responses to human activities, but are little explored in marine animals. This study investigates the influence of body condition on how beaked whales trade-off foraging and predator avoidance. Body density (indicating lipid-energy stores) was estimated for 15 foraging northern bottlenose whales tagged near Jan Mayen, Norway. Composite indices of foraging (diving and echolocation clicks) and anti-predation (long ascents, non-foraging dives and silent periods reducing predator eavesdropping) were negatively related. Experimental sonar exposures led to decreased foraging and increased risk aversion, confirming a foraging/perceived safety trade-off. However, lower lipid stores were not related to a decrease in predator avoidance versus foraging, i.e. worse condition animals did not prioritize foraging. Individual differences (personalities) or reproductive context could offer alternative explanations for the observed state-behaviour relationships. This study provides evidence of foraging/predator-avoidance trade-offs in a marine top predator and demonstrates that animals in worse condition might not always take more risks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Jan Mayen The Royal Society Norway Jan Mayen Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 289 1967 |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
Body condition is central to how animals balance foraging with predator avoidance—a trade-off that fundamentally affects animal fitness. Animals in poor condition may accept greater predation risk to satisfy current foraging ‘needs’, while those in good condition may be more risk averse to protect future ‘assets’. These state-dependent behavioural predictions can help interpret responses to human activities, but are little explored in marine animals. This study investigates the influence of body condition on how beaked whales trade-off foraging and predator avoidance. Body density (indicating lipid-energy stores) was estimated for 15 foraging northern bottlenose whales tagged near Jan Mayen, Norway. Composite indices of foraging (diving and echolocation clicks) and anti-predation (long ascents, non-foraging dives and silent periods reducing predator eavesdropping) were negatively related. Experimental sonar exposures led to decreased foraging and increased risk aversion, confirming a foraging/perceived safety trade-off. However, lower lipid stores were not related to a decrease in predator avoidance versus foraging, i.e. worse condition animals did not prioritize foraging. Individual differences (personalities) or reproductive context could offer alternative explanations for the observed state-behaviour relationships. This study provides evidence of foraging/predator-avoidance trade-offs in a marine top predator and demonstrates that animals in worse condition might not always take more risks. |
author2 |
DGA Office of Naval Research US Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Siegal, Eilidh Hooker, Sascha K. Isojunno, Saana Miller, Patrick J. O. |
spellingShingle |
Siegal, Eilidh Hooker, Sascha K. Isojunno, Saana Miller, Patrick J. O. Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
author_facet |
Siegal, Eilidh Hooker, Sascha K. Isojunno, Saana Miller, Patrick J. O. |
author_sort |
Siegal, Eilidh |
title |
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
title_short |
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
title_full |
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
title_fullStr |
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
title_sort |
beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance? |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 |
geographic |
Norway Jan Mayen |
geographic_facet |
Norway Jan Mayen |
genre |
Jan Mayen |
genre_facet |
Jan Mayen |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 289, issue 1967 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2539 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
289 |
container_issue |
1967 |
_version_ |
1809918311332315136 |