A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA
Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-tempora...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 2024-09-15T17:56:27+00:00 A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti The Swedish Research Council Formas 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 288, issue 1949 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 journal-article 2021 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 2024-06-24T04:28:23Z Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-temporal genetic change in Atlantic salmon populations across the Baltic Sea, an area heavily impacted by hydropower exploitation and associated with large-scale mitigation stocking. Analysis was carried out by screening 82 SNPs in 1680 individuals from 13 Swedish rivers. We found an overall decrease in genetic divergence and diminished isolation by distance among populations, strongly indicating genetic homogenization over the past century. We further observed an increase in genetic diversity within populations consistent with increased gene flow. The temporal genetic change was lower in larger wild populations than in smaller wild and hatchery-reared ones, indicating that larger populations have been able to support a high number of native spawners in relation to immigrants. Our results demonstrate that stocking practices of salmon in the Baltic Sea have led to the homogenization of populations over the last century, potentially compromising their ability to adapt to environmental change. Stocking of reared fish is common worldwide, and our study is a cautionary example of the potentially long-term negative effects of such activities. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon The Royal Society Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 1949 |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
Intra-species genetic homogenization arising from anthropogenic impacts is a major threat to biodiversity. However, few taxa have sufficient historical material to systematically quantify long-term genetic changes. Using archival DNA collected over approximately 100 years, we assessed spatio-temporal genetic change in Atlantic salmon populations across the Baltic Sea, an area heavily impacted by hydropower exploitation and associated with large-scale mitigation stocking. Analysis was carried out by screening 82 SNPs in 1680 individuals from 13 Swedish rivers. We found an overall decrease in genetic divergence and diminished isolation by distance among populations, strongly indicating genetic homogenization over the past century. We further observed an increase in genetic diversity within populations consistent with increased gene flow. The temporal genetic change was lower in larger wild populations than in smaller wild and hatchery-reared ones, indicating that larger populations have been able to support a high number of native spawners in relation to immigrants. Our results demonstrate that stocking practices of salmon in the Baltic Sea have led to the homogenization of populations over the last century, potentially compromising their ability to adapt to environmental change. Stocking of reared fish is common worldwide, and our study is a cautionary example of the potentially long-term negative effects of such activities. |
author2 |
The Swedish Research Council Formas |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti |
spellingShingle |
Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
author_facet |
Östergren, Johan Palm, Stefan Gilbey, John Spong, Göran Dannewitz, Johan Königsson, Helena Persson, John Vasemägi, Anti |
author_sort |
Östergren, Johan |
title |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_short |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_full |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_fullStr |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_full_unstemmed |
A century of genetic homogenization in Baltic salmon—evidence from archival DNA |
title_sort |
century of genetic homogenization in baltic salmon—evidence from archival dna |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 288, issue 1949 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.3147 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
288 |
container_issue |
1949 |
_version_ |
1810432647408648192 |