Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity
There is a strong consensus that modern humans originated in Africa and moved out to colonize the world approximately 50 000 years ago. During the process of expansion, variability was lost, creating a linear gradient of decreasing diversity with increasing distance from Africa. However, the exact w...
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 2024-09-15T17:59:43+00:00 Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity Amos, W. Hoffman, J. I. 2009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 277, issue 1678, page 131-137 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 journal-article 2009 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 2024-08-19T04:24:56Z There is a strong consensus that modern humans originated in Africa and moved out to colonize the world approximately 50 000 years ago. During the process of expansion, variability was lost, creating a linear gradient of decreasing diversity with increasing distance from Africa. However, the exact way in which this loss occurred remains somewhat unclear: did it involve one, a few or a continuous series of population bottlenecks? We addressed this by analysing a large published dataset of 783 microsatellite loci genotyped in 53 worldwide populations, using the program ‘B ottleneck ’. Immediately following a sharp population decline, rare alleles are lost faster than heterozygosity, creating a transient excess of heterozygosity relative to allele number, a feature that is used by B ottleneck to infer historical events. We find evidence of two primary events, one ‘out of Africa’ and one placed around the Bering Strait, where an ancient land bridge allowed passage into the Americas. These findings agree well with the regions of the world where the largest founder events might have been expected, but contrast with the apparently smooth gradient of variability that is revealed when current heterozygosity is plotted against distance from Africa. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bering Strait The Royal Society Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277 1678 131 137 |
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English |
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There is a strong consensus that modern humans originated in Africa and moved out to colonize the world approximately 50 000 years ago. During the process of expansion, variability was lost, creating a linear gradient of decreasing diversity with increasing distance from Africa. However, the exact way in which this loss occurred remains somewhat unclear: did it involve one, a few or a continuous series of population bottlenecks? We addressed this by analysing a large published dataset of 783 microsatellite loci genotyped in 53 worldwide populations, using the program ‘B ottleneck ’. Immediately following a sharp population decline, rare alleles are lost faster than heterozygosity, creating a transient excess of heterozygosity relative to allele number, a feature that is used by B ottleneck to infer historical events. We find evidence of two primary events, one ‘out of Africa’ and one placed around the Bering Strait, where an ancient land bridge allowed passage into the Americas. These findings agree well with the regions of the world where the largest founder events might have been expected, but contrast with the apparently smooth gradient of variability that is revealed when current heterozygosity is plotted against distance from Africa. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Amos, W. Hoffman, J. I. |
spellingShingle |
Amos, W. Hoffman, J. I. Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
author_facet |
Amos, W. Hoffman, J. I. |
author_sort |
Amos, W. |
title |
Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
title_short |
Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
title_full |
Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
title_fullStr |
Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
title_sort |
evidence that two main bottleneck events shaped modern human genetic diversity |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 |
genre |
Bering Strait |
genre_facet |
Bering Strait |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 277, issue 1678, page 131-137 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1473 |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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277 |
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1678 |
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131 |
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137 |
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1810436817927798784 |