Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain
The vulnerability of the human brain to injury following just a few minutes of oxygen deprivation with submergence contrasts markedly with diving mammals, such as Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ), which can remain underwater for more than 90 min while exhibiting no neurological or behaviour...
Published in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 |
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 2024-09-15T18:40:36+00:00 Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain Williams, Terrie M Zavanelli, Mary Miller, Melissa A Goldbeck, Robert A Morledge, Michael Casper, Dave Pabst, D. Ann McLellan, William Cantin, Lucas P Kliger, David S 2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 275, issue 1636, page 751-758 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 journal-article 2007 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 2024-07-29T04:23:19Z The vulnerability of the human brain to injury following just a few minutes of oxygen deprivation with submergence contrasts markedly with diving mammals, such as Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ), which can remain underwater for more than 90 min while exhibiting no neurological or behavioural impairment. This response occurs despite exposure to blood oxygen levels concomitant with human unconsciousness. To determine whether such aquatic lifestyles result in unique adaptations for avoiding ischaemic–hypoxic neural damage, we measured the presence of circulating (haemoglobin) and resident (neuroglobin and cytoglobin) oxygen-carrying globins in the cerebral cortex of 16 mammalian species considered terrestrial, swimming or diving specialists. Here we report a striking difference in globin levels depending on activity lifestyle. A nearly 9.5-fold range in haemoglobin concentration (0.17–1.62 g Hb 100 g brain wet wt −1 ) occurred between terrestrial and deep-diving mammals; a threefold range in resident globins was evident between terrestrial and swimming specialists. Together, these two globin groups provide complementary mechanisms for facilitating oxygen transfer into neural tissues and the potential for protection against reactive oxygen and nitrogen groups. This enables marine mammals to maintain sensory and locomotor neural functions during prolonged submergence, and suggests new avenues for averting oxygen-mediated neural injury in the mammalian brain. Article in Journal/Newspaper Weddell Seals The Royal Society Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275 1636 751 758 |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
The vulnerability of the human brain to injury following just a few minutes of oxygen deprivation with submergence contrasts markedly with diving mammals, such as Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ), which can remain underwater for more than 90 min while exhibiting no neurological or behavioural impairment. This response occurs despite exposure to blood oxygen levels concomitant with human unconsciousness. To determine whether such aquatic lifestyles result in unique adaptations for avoiding ischaemic–hypoxic neural damage, we measured the presence of circulating (haemoglobin) and resident (neuroglobin and cytoglobin) oxygen-carrying globins in the cerebral cortex of 16 mammalian species considered terrestrial, swimming or diving specialists. Here we report a striking difference in globin levels depending on activity lifestyle. A nearly 9.5-fold range in haemoglobin concentration (0.17–1.62 g Hb 100 g brain wet wt −1 ) occurred between terrestrial and deep-diving mammals; a threefold range in resident globins was evident between terrestrial and swimming specialists. Together, these two globin groups provide complementary mechanisms for facilitating oxygen transfer into neural tissues and the potential for protection against reactive oxygen and nitrogen groups. This enables marine mammals to maintain sensory and locomotor neural functions during prolonged submergence, and suggests new avenues for averting oxygen-mediated neural injury in the mammalian brain. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Williams, Terrie M Zavanelli, Mary Miller, Melissa A Goldbeck, Robert A Morledge, Michael Casper, Dave Pabst, D. Ann McLellan, William Cantin, Lucas P Kliger, David S |
spellingShingle |
Williams, Terrie M Zavanelli, Mary Miller, Melissa A Goldbeck, Robert A Morledge, Michael Casper, Dave Pabst, D. Ann McLellan, William Cantin, Lucas P Kliger, David S Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
author_facet |
Williams, Terrie M Zavanelli, Mary Miller, Melissa A Goldbeck, Robert A Morledge, Michael Casper, Dave Pabst, D. Ann McLellan, William Cantin, Lucas P Kliger, David S |
author_sort |
Williams, Terrie M |
title |
Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
title_short |
Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
title_full |
Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
title_fullStr |
Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
title_full_unstemmed |
Running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
title_sort |
running, swimming and diving modifies neuroprotecting globins in the mammalian brain |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 |
genre |
Weddell Seals |
genre_facet |
Weddell Seals |
op_source |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume 275, issue 1636, page 751-758 ISSN 0962-8452 1471-2954 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1484 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
275 |
container_issue |
1636 |
container_start_page |
751 |
op_container_end_page |
758 |
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1810485003358830592 |