Building back fairer in Greater Manchester and the country

• Published in: Royal Society Open Science
• Main Author: Marmot, Michael
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: The Royal Society 2021
• Subjects: Iceland
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.211454; https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.211454; https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsos.211454

A summary of our analyses in Greater Manchester (GM), and the northwest (NW) region, might be: the NW is like England as a whole only more so. The life expectancy drop in England in 2020 was 1.2 years in men and 0.9 years in women—shocking, but not as high as in the NW. COVID-19 mortality rates were high in England; 25% higher in the NW. Inequalities in mortality are high in England; bigger in the NW. The title, Build Back Fairer , is a deliberate echo of the Build Back Better mantra, showing that the levels of social, environmental and economic inequality in society are damaging health and well-being. As the UK emerges from the pandemic, it would be a tragic mistake to re-establish the status quo that existed pre-pandemic—a status quo marked in England, over the decade from 2010, by a stagnation of health improvement that was more marked than in any rich country other than Iceland and the USA; by widening health inequalities; and by a fall in life expectancy in the most deprived 10% of areas outside London. That stagnation, those social and regional inequalities, and deterioration in health for the most deprived people are markers of a society that is not meeting the needs of its members.