The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails
The atlantid heteropods represent the only predatory, aragonite shelled zooplankton. Atlantid shell production is likely to be sensitive to ocean acidification (OA), and yet we know little about their mechanisms of calcification, or their response to changing ocean chemistry. Here, we present the fi...
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsos.202265 2024-06-02T08:12:36+00:00 The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails Wall-Palmer, Deborah Mekkes, Lisette Ramos-Silva, Paula Dämmer, Linda K. Goetze, Erica Bakker, Karel Duijm, Elza Peijnenburg, Katja T. C. A. Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Capability Long-term Single Centre Science Programme, Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Netherlands Earth System Science Centre 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.202265 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.202265 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsos.202265 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Royal Society Open Science volume 8, issue 8, page 202265 ISSN 2054-5703 journal-article 2021 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.202265 2024-05-07T14:16:37Z The atlantid heteropods represent the only predatory, aragonite shelled zooplankton. Atlantid shell production is likely to be sensitive to ocean acidification (OA), and yet we know little about their mechanisms of calcification, or their response to changing ocean chemistry. Here, we present the first study into calcification and gene expression effects of short-term OA exposure on juvenile atlantids across three pH scenarios: mid-1960s, ambient and 2050 conditions. Calcification and gene expression indicate a distinct response to each treatment. Shell extension and shell volume were reduced from the mid-1960s to ambient conditions, suggesting that calcification is already limited in today's South Atlantic. However, shell extension increased from ambient to 2050 conditions. Genes involved in protein synthesis were consistently upregulated, whereas genes involved in organismal development were downregulated with decreasing pH. Biomineralization genes were upregulated in the mid-1960s and 2050 conditions, suggesting that any deviation from ambient carbonate chemistry causes stress, resulting in rapid shell growth. We conclude that atlantid calcification is likely to be negatively affected by future OA. However, we also found that plentiful food increased shell extension and shell thickness, and so synergistic factors are likely to impact the resilience of atlantids in an acidifying ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification The Royal Society Royal Society Open Science 8 8 202265 |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
The atlantid heteropods represent the only predatory, aragonite shelled zooplankton. Atlantid shell production is likely to be sensitive to ocean acidification (OA), and yet we know little about their mechanisms of calcification, or their response to changing ocean chemistry. Here, we present the first study into calcification and gene expression effects of short-term OA exposure on juvenile atlantids across three pH scenarios: mid-1960s, ambient and 2050 conditions. Calcification and gene expression indicate a distinct response to each treatment. Shell extension and shell volume were reduced from the mid-1960s to ambient conditions, suggesting that calcification is already limited in today's South Atlantic. However, shell extension increased from ambient to 2050 conditions. Genes involved in protein synthesis were consistently upregulated, whereas genes involved in organismal development were downregulated with decreasing pH. Biomineralization genes were upregulated in the mid-1960s and 2050 conditions, suggesting that any deviation from ambient carbonate chemistry causes stress, resulting in rapid shell growth. We conclude that atlantid calcification is likely to be negatively affected by future OA. However, we also found that plentiful food increased shell extension and shell thickness, and so synergistic factors are likely to impact the resilience of atlantids in an acidifying ocean. |
author2 |
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Capability Long-term Single Centre Science Programme, Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Netherlands Earth System Science Centre |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wall-Palmer, Deborah Mekkes, Lisette Ramos-Silva, Paula Dämmer, Linda K. Goetze, Erica Bakker, Karel Duijm, Elza Peijnenburg, Katja T. C. A. |
spellingShingle |
Wall-Palmer, Deborah Mekkes, Lisette Ramos-Silva, Paula Dämmer, Linda K. Goetze, Erica Bakker, Karel Duijm, Elza Peijnenburg, Katja T. C. A. The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
author_facet |
Wall-Palmer, Deborah Mekkes, Lisette Ramos-Silva, Paula Dämmer, Linda K. Goetze, Erica Bakker, Karel Duijm, Elza Peijnenburg, Katja T. C. A. |
author_sort |
Wall-Palmer, Deborah |
title |
The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
title_short |
The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
title_full |
The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
title_fullStr |
The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
title_full_unstemmed |
The impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
title_sort |
impacts of past, present and future ocean chemistry on predatory planktonic snails |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.202265 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.202265 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsos.202265 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Royal Society Open Science volume 8, issue 8, page 202265 ISSN 2054-5703 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.202265 |
container_title |
Royal Society Open Science |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
202265 |
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1800759068459008000 |