Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica)
Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO 2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients ( HC O 3 − / C l − ) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequenc...
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsos.191041 2024-06-02T08:12:33+00:00 Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) Zlatkin, Rebecca L. Heuer, Rachael M. National Institute of Health Bridge to Baccalaureate Program 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsos.191041 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Royal Society Open Science volume 6, issue 10, page 191041 ISSN 2054-5703 journal-article 2019 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 2024-05-07T14:16:25Z Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO 2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients ( HC O 3 − / C l − ) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequence of maintaining pH homeostasis via the accumulation of HC O 3 − . While behavioural impacts are widely documented, few studies have measured acid–base parameters in species showing behavioural disruptions. In addition, current studies examining mechanisms lack resolution in targeting specific neural pathways corresponding to a given behaviour. With these considerations in mind, acid–base parameters and behaviour were measured in a model organism used for decades as a research model to study learning, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica ). Aplysia exposed to elevated CO 2 increased haemolymph HC O 3 − , achieving full and partial pH compensation at 1200 and 3000 µatm CO 2 , respectively. Increased CO 2 did not affect self-righting behaviour. In contrast, both levels of elevated CO 2 reduced the time of the tail-withdrawal reflex, suggesting a reduction in antipredator response. Overall, these results confirm that Aplysia are promising models to examine mechanisms underlying CO 2 -induced behavioural disruptions since they regulate HC O 3 − and have behaviours linked to neural networks amenable to electrophysiological testing. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification The Royal Society Royal Society Open Science 6 10 191041 |
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Open Polar |
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The Royal Society |
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crroyalsociety |
language |
English |
description |
Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO 2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients ( HC O 3 − / C l − ) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequence of maintaining pH homeostasis via the accumulation of HC O 3 − . While behavioural impacts are widely documented, few studies have measured acid–base parameters in species showing behavioural disruptions. In addition, current studies examining mechanisms lack resolution in targeting specific neural pathways corresponding to a given behaviour. With these considerations in mind, acid–base parameters and behaviour were measured in a model organism used for decades as a research model to study learning, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica ). Aplysia exposed to elevated CO 2 increased haemolymph HC O 3 − , achieving full and partial pH compensation at 1200 and 3000 µatm CO 2 , respectively. Increased CO 2 did not affect self-righting behaviour. In contrast, both levels of elevated CO 2 reduced the time of the tail-withdrawal reflex, suggesting a reduction in antipredator response. Overall, these results confirm that Aplysia are promising models to examine mechanisms underlying CO 2 -induced behavioural disruptions since they regulate HC O 3 − and have behaviours linked to neural networks amenable to electrophysiological testing. |
author2 |
National Institute of Health Bridge to Baccalaureate Program |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zlatkin, Rebecca L. Heuer, Rachael M. |
spellingShingle |
Zlatkin, Rebecca L. Heuer, Rachael M. Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
author_facet |
Zlatkin, Rebecca L. Heuer, Rachael M. |
author_sort |
Zlatkin, Rebecca L. |
title |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
title_short |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
title_full |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
title_fullStr |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare ( Aplysia californica) |
title_sort |
ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the california sea hare ( aplysia californica) |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsos.191041 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Royal Society Open Science volume 6, issue 10, page 191041 ISSN 2054-5703 |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 |
container_title |
Royal Society Open Science |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
191041 |
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1800758998873407488 |