Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification
Sharks play a key role in the structure of marine food webs, but are facing major threats due to overfishing and habitat degradation. Although sharks are also assumed to be at relatively high risk from climate change due to a low intrinsic rate of population growth and slow rates of evolution, ocean...
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crroyalsociety:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 2024-06-02T08:12:33+00:00 Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification Rosa, Rui Rummer, Jodie L. Munday, Philip L. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 en eng The Royal Society https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ Biology Letters volume 13, issue 3, page 20160796 ISSN 1744-9561 1744-957X journal-article 2017 crroyalsociety https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 2024-05-07T14:16:55Z Sharks play a key role in the structure of marine food webs, but are facing major threats due to overfishing and habitat degradation. Although sharks are also assumed to be at relatively high risk from climate change due to a low intrinsic rate of population growth and slow rates of evolution, ocean acidification (OA) has not, until recently, been considered a direct threat. New studies have been evaluating the potential effects of end-of-century elevated CO 2 levels on sharks and their relatives' early development, physiology and behaviour. Here, we review those findings and use a meta-analysis approach to quantify the overall direction and magnitude of biological responses to OA in the species of sharks that have been investigated to date. While embryo survival and development time are mostly unaffected by elevated CO 2 , there are clear effects on body condition, growth, aerobic potential and behaviour (e.g. lateralization, hunting and prey detection). Furthermore, studies to date suggest that the effects of OA could be as substantial as those due to warming in some species. A major limitation is that all past studies have involved relatively sedentary, benthic sharks that are capable of buccal ventilation—no studies have investigated pelagic sharks that depend on ram ventilation. Future research should focus on species with different life strategies (e.g. pelagic, ram ventilators), climate zones (e.g. polar regions), habitats (e.g. open ocean), and distinct phases of ontogeny in order to fully predict how OA and climate change will impact higher-order predators and therefore marine ecosystem dynamics. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification The Royal Society Biology Letters 13 3 20160796 |
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Sharks play a key role in the structure of marine food webs, but are facing major threats due to overfishing and habitat degradation. Although sharks are also assumed to be at relatively high risk from climate change due to a low intrinsic rate of population growth and slow rates of evolution, ocean acidification (OA) has not, until recently, been considered a direct threat. New studies have been evaluating the potential effects of end-of-century elevated CO 2 levels on sharks and their relatives' early development, physiology and behaviour. Here, we review those findings and use a meta-analysis approach to quantify the overall direction and magnitude of biological responses to OA in the species of sharks that have been investigated to date. While embryo survival and development time are mostly unaffected by elevated CO 2 , there are clear effects on body condition, growth, aerobic potential and behaviour (e.g. lateralization, hunting and prey detection). Furthermore, studies to date suggest that the effects of OA could be as substantial as those due to warming in some species. A major limitation is that all past studies have involved relatively sedentary, benthic sharks that are capable of buccal ventilation—no studies have investigated pelagic sharks that depend on ram ventilation. Future research should focus on species with different life strategies (e.g. pelagic, ram ventilators), climate zones (e.g. polar regions), habitats (e.g. open ocean), and distinct phases of ontogeny in order to fully predict how OA and climate change will impact higher-order predators and therefore marine ecosystem dynamics. |
author2 |
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rosa, Rui Rummer, Jodie L. Munday, Philip L. |
spellingShingle |
Rosa, Rui Rummer, Jodie L. Munday, Philip L. Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
author_facet |
Rosa, Rui Rummer, Jodie L. Munday, Philip L. |
author_sort |
Rosa, Rui |
title |
Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
title_short |
Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
title_full |
Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
title_fullStr |
Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
title_sort |
biological responses of sharks to ocean acidification |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full-xml/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Biology Letters volume 13, issue 3, page 20160796 ISSN 1744-9561 1744-957X |
op_rights |
https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0796 |
container_title |
Biology Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
20160796 |
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1800759006923325440 |