Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets
European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) is a commercially important species for fisheries and aquaculture in Europe and the attempt to close the lifecycle in captivity is still at pioneering stage. The first feeding stage of this species is characterized by a critical period between 20 to 24 days post ha...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 |
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crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 2024-05-19T07:28:31+00:00 Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets Bandara, Kasun A. Benini, Elisa Politis, Sebastian N. Conceição, Luis E. C. Santos, André Sørensen, Sune Riis Tomkiewicz, Jonna Vadstein, Olav El Basuini, Mohammed Fouad Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology ENV Fonden Technical University of Denmark 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 en eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PLOS ONE volume 18, issue 7, page e0288734 ISSN 1932-6203 journal-article 2023 crplos https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 2024-05-01T06:54:52Z European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) is a commercially important species for fisheries and aquaculture in Europe and the attempt to close the lifecycle in captivity is still at pioneering stage. The first feeding stage of this species is characterized by a critical period between 20 to 24 days post hatch (dph), which is associated with mortalities, indicating the point of no return. We hypothesized that this critical period might also be associated with larvae-bacterial interactions and the larval immune status. To test this, bacterial community composition and expression of immune and stress-related genes of hatchery-produced larvae were explored from the end of endogenous feeding (9 dph) until 28 dph, in response to three experimental first-feeding diets (Diet 1, Diet 2 and Diet 3). Changes in the water bacterial community composition were also followed. Results revealed that the larval stress/repair mechanism was activated during this critical period, marked by an upregulated expression of the hsp90 gene, independent of the diet fed. At the same time, a shift towards a potentially detrimental larval bacterial community was observed in all dietary groups. Here, a significant reduction in evenness of the larval bacterial community was observed, and several amplicon sequence variants belonging to potentially harmful bacterial genera were more abundant. This indicates that detrimental larvae-bacteria interactions were likely involved in the mortality observed. Beyond the critical period, the highest survival was registered for larvae fed Diet 3. Interestingly, genes encoding for pathogen recognition receptor TLR18 and complement component C1QC were upregulated in this group, potentially indicating a higher immunocompetency that facilitated a more successful handling of the harmful bacteria that dominated the bacterial community of larvae on 22 dph, ultimately leading to better survival, compared to the other two groups. Article in Journal/Newspaper Anguilla anguilla European eel PLOS PLOS ONE 18 7 e0288734 |
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language |
English |
description |
European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) is a commercially important species for fisheries and aquaculture in Europe and the attempt to close the lifecycle in captivity is still at pioneering stage. The first feeding stage of this species is characterized by a critical period between 20 to 24 days post hatch (dph), which is associated with mortalities, indicating the point of no return. We hypothesized that this critical period might also be associated with larvae-bacterial interactions and the larval immune status. To test this, bacterial community composition and expression of immune and stress-related genes of hatchery-produced larvae were explored from the end of endogenous feeding (9 dph) until 28 dph, in response to three experimental first-feeding diets (Diet 1, Diet 2 and Diet 3). Changes in the water bacterial community composition were also followed. Results revealed that the larval stress/repair mechanism was activated during this critical period, marked by an upregulated expression of the hsp90 gene, independent of the diet fed. At the same time, a shift towards a potentially detrimental larval bacterial community was observed in all dietary groups. Here, a significant reduction in evenness of the larval bacterial community was observed, and several amplicon sequence variants belonging to potentially harmful bacterial genera were more abundant. This indicates that detrimental larvae-bacteria interactions were likely involved in the mortality observed. Beyond the critical period, the highest survival was registered for larvae fed Diet 3. Interestingly, genes encoding for pathogen recognition receptor TLR18 and complement component C1QC were upregulated in this group, potentially indicating a higher immunocompetency that facilitated a more successful handling of the harmful bacteria that dominated the bacterial community of larvae on 22 dph, ultimately leading to better survival, compared to the other two groups. |
author2 |
El Basuini, Mohammed Fouad Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Innovation Fund Denmark Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology ENV Fonden Technical University of Denmark |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bandara, Kasun A. Benini, Elisa Politis, Sebastian N. Conceição, Luis E. C. Santos, André Sørensen, Sune Riis Tomkiewicz, Jonna Vadstein, Olav |
spellingShingle |
Bandara, Kasun A. Benini, Elisa Politis, Sebastian N. Conceição, Luis E. C. Santos, André Sørensen, Sune Riis Tomkiewicz, Jonna Vadstein, Olav Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
author_facet |
Bandara, Kasun A. Benini, Elisa Politis, Sebastian N. Conceição, Luis E. C. Santos, André Sørensen, Sune Riis Tomkiewicz, Jonna Vadstein, Olav |
author_sort |
Bandara, Kasun A. |
title |
Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
title_short |
Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
title_full |
Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
title_fullStr |
Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of European eel larvae (Anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
title_sort |
exploring bacterial community composition and immune gene expression of european eel larvae (anguilla anguilla) in relation to first-feeding diets |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 |
genre |
Anguilla anguilla European eel |
genre_facet |
Anguilla anguilla European eel |
op_source |
PLOS ONE volume 18, issue 7, page e0288734 ISSN 1932-6203 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288734 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
e0288734 |
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1799473921695678464 |