The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization
In an era of climate change, impacts on the marine environment include warming and ocean acidification. These effects can be amplified in shallow coastal regions where conditions often fluctuate widely. This type of environmental variation is potentially important for many nearshore species that are...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 |
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crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 2024-05-19T07:46:37+00:00 The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization Leuchtenberger, Sara Grace Daleo, Maris Gullickson, Peter Delgado, Andi Lo, Carly Nishizaki, Michael T. Escriva, Hector 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 en eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PLOS ONE volume 17, issue 12, page e0276134 ISSN 1932-6203 journal-article 2022 crplos https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 2024-05-01T07:00:49Z In an era of climate change, impacts on the marine environment include warming and ocean acidification. These effects can be amplified in shallow coastal regions where conditions often fluctuate widely. This type of environmental variation is potentially important for many nearshore species that are broadcast spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column for fertilization. We conducted two experiments to investigate: 1) the impact of water temperature on sperm swimming characteristics and fertilization rate in sand dollars ( Dendraster excentricus temperatures 8-38°C) and sea urchins ( Mesocentrotus franciscanus temperatures 8-28°C) and; 2) the combined effects of multiple stressors (water temperature and pH) on these traits in sand dollars. We quantify thermal performance curves showing that sand dollar fertilization rates, sperm swimming velocities, and sperm motility display remarkably wide thermal breadths relative to red urchins, perhaps reflecting the wider range of water temperatures experienced by sand dollars at our field sites. For sand dollars, both temperature (8, 16, 24°C) and pH (7.1, 7.5, 7.9) affected fertilization but only temperature influenced sperm swimming velocity and motility. Although sperm velocities and fertilization were positively correlated, our fertilization kinetics model dramatically overestimated measured rates and this discrepancy was most pronounced under extreme temperature and pH conditions. Our results suggest that environmental stressors like temperature and pH likely impair aspects of the reproductive process beyond simple sperm swimming behavior. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification PLOS PLOS ONE 17 12 e0276134 |
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English |
description |
In an era of climate change, impacts on the marine environment include warming and ocean acidification. These effects can be amplified in shallow coastal regions where conditions often fluctuate widely. This type of environmental variation is potentially important for many nearshore species that are broadcast spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column for fertilization. We conducted two experiments to investigate: 1) the impact of water temperature on sperm swimming characteristics and fertilization rate in sand dollars ( Dendraster excentricus temperatures 8-38°C) and sea urchins ( Mesocentrotus franciscanus temperatures 8-28°C) and; 2) the combined effects of multiple stressors (water temperature and pH) on these traits in sand dollars. We quantify thermal performance curves showing that sand dollar fertilization rates, sperm swimming velocities, and sperm motility display remarkably wide thermal breadths relative to red urchins, perhaps reflecting the wider range of water temperatures experienced by sand dollars at our field sites. For sand dollars, both temperature (8, 16, 24°C) and pH (7.1, 7.5, 7.9) affected fertilization but only temperature influenced sperm swimming velocity and motility. Although sperm velocities and fertilization were positively correlated, our fertilization kinetics model dramatically overestimated measured rates and this discrepancy was most pronounced under extreme temperature and pH conditions. Our results suggest that environmental stressors like temperature and pH likely impair aspects of the reproductive process beyond simple sperm swimming behavior. |
author2 |
Escriva, Hector |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leuchtenberger, Sara Grace Daleo, Maris Gullickson, Peter Delgado, Andi Lo, Carly Nishizaki, Michael T. |
spellingShingle |
Leuchtenberger, Sara Grace Daleo, Maris Gullickson, Peter Delgado, Andi Lo, Carly Nishizaki, Michael T. The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
author_facet |
Leuchtenberger, Sara Grace Daleo, Maris Gullickson, Peter Delgado, Andi Lo, Carly Nishizaki, Michael T. |
author_sort |
Leuchtenberger, Sara Grace |
title |
The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
title_short |
The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
title_full |
The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
title_fullStr |
The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effects of temperature and pH on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: Impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
title_sort |
effects of temperature and ph on the reproductive ecology of sand dollars and sea urchins: impacts on sperm swimming and fertilization |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
PLOS ONE volume 17, issue 12, page e0276134 ISSN 1932-6203 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276134 |
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PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e0276134 |
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1799486839451549696 |