Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis
Introduction Suicide by firearm is a major public health problem in many countries. But, studies that investigated the mortality of suicide by firearm on a global scale are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the global, regional and national trends in mortality of suicide by firearm...
Published in: | PLOS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 |
id |
crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 2024-06-23T07:53:23+00:00 Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis Ilic, Irena Zivanovic Macuzic, Ivana Kocic, Sanja Ilic, Milena Harris, Keith M. 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 en eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PLOS ONE volume 17, issue 5, page e0267817 ISSN 1932-6203 journal-article 2022 crplos https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 2024-06-11T04:27:28Z Introduction Suicide by firearm is a major public health problem in many countries. But, studies that investigated the mortality of suicide by firearm on a global scale are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the global, regional and national trends in mortality of suicide by firearm from 1990 to 2019. Method Mortality data of suicide by firearm was presented using the age-standardized rates (ASRs, expressed per 100,000). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends of mortality of suicide by firearm: the average annual percent change (AAPC) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated. Results A total of 52,694 (45,110 male and 7584 female) deaths of suicide by firearm were reported worldwide in 2019. The global ASR of suicide by firearm was six-fold higher in males than in females (1.15 per 100,000 and 0.19 per 100,000, respectively), and varied greatly across countries: the highest rates were in Greenland (24.52 per 100,000 and 2.69 per 100,000, respectively) and the United States of America (10.13 per 100,000 and 1.66 per 100,000, respectively), while the lowest rates (0.05 per 100,000 or less) were observed in China, Japan and Singapore. Globally, the mortality of suicide by firearm had a decreasing tendency from 1990 to 2019 in both sexes together (AAPC = -2.0% per year; 95%CI = -2.1 to -1.9). Conclusion Decreasing trends in mortality of suicide by firearm were observed in majority of countries across the world, but not in all. Future research should determine more effective ways to further reduce mortality of suicide by firearm. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland PLOS Greenland PLOS ONE 17 5 e0267817 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PLOS |
op_collection_id |
crplos |
language |
English |
description |
Introduction Suicide by firearm is a major public health problem in many countries. But, studies that investigated the mortality of suicide by firearm on a global scale are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the global, regional and national trends in mortality of suicide by firearm from 1990 to 2019. Method Mortality data of suicide by firearm was presented using the age-standardized rates (ASRs, expressed per 100,000). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends of mortality of suicide by firearm: the average annual percent change (AAPC) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated. Results A total of 52,694 (45,110 male and 7584 female) deaths of suicide by firearm were reported worldwide in 2019. The global ASR of suicide by firearm was six-fold higher in males than in females (1.15 per 100,000 and 0.19 per 100,000, respectively), and varied greatly across countries: the highest rates were in Greenland (24.52 per 100,000 and 2.69 per 100,000, respectively) and the United States of America (10.13 per 100,000 and 1.66 per 100,000, respectively), while the lowest rates (0.05 per 100,000 or less) were observed in China, Japan and Singapore. Globally, the mortality of suicide by firearm had a decreasing tendency from 1990 to 2019 in both sexes together (AAPC = -2.0% per year; 95%CI = -2.1 to -1.9). Conclusion Decreasing trends in mortality of suicide by firearm were observed in majority of countries across the world, but not in all. Future research should determine more effective ways to further reduce mortality of suicide by firearm. |
author2 |
Harris, Keith M. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ilic, Irena Zivanovic Macuzic, Ivana Kocic, Sanja Ilic, Milena |
spellingShingle |
Ilic, Irena Zivanovic Macuzic, Ivana Kocic, Sanja Ilic, Milena Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
author_facet |
Ilic, Irena Zivanovic Macuzic, Ivana Kocic, Sanja Ilic, Milena |
author_sort |
Ilic, Irena |
title |
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
title_short |
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
title_full |
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
title_fullStr |
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis |
title_sort |
worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): a joinpoint regression analysis |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_source |
PLOS ONE volume 17, issue 5, page e0267817 ISSN 1932-6203 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267817 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
e0267817 |
_version_ |
1802644994618556416 |