Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada
Rabies spreads in both Arctic ( Vulpes lagopus ) and red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) throughout the Canadian Arctic but limited wildlife disease surveillance, due to the extensive landmass of the Canadian north and its small widely scattered human population, undermines our knowledge of disease transmis...
Published in: | PLOS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 |
id |
crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crplos:10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 2024-05-19T07:34:44+00:00 Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Falardeau, Emilie Flynn, Alex Whitney, Hugh Marshall, H. Dawn Knapp, Michael Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada NSERC-USRA Government of Newfoundland and Labrador 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 en eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PLOS ONE volume 16, issue 2, page e0246508 ISSN 1932-6203 journal-article 2021 crplos https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 2024-05-01T07:04:43Z Rabies spreads in both Arctic ( Vulpes lagopus ) and red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) throughout the Canadian Arctic but limited wildlife disease surveillance, due to the extensive landmass of the Canadian north and its small widely scattered human population, undermines our knowledge of disease transmission patterns. This study has explored genetic population structure in both the rabies virus and its fox hosts to better understand factors that impact rabies spread. Phylogenetic analysis of 278 samples of the Arctic lineage of rabies virus recovered over 40 years identified four sub-lineages, A1 to A4. The A1 lineage has been restricted to southern regions of the Canadian province of Ontario. The A2 lineage, which predominates in Siberia, has also spread to northern Alaska while the A4 lineage was recovered from southern Alaska only. The A3 sub-lineage, which was also found in northern Alaska, has been responsible for virtually all cases across northern Canada and Greenland, where it further differentiated into 18 groups which have systematically evolved from a common predecessor since 1975. In areas of Arctic and red fox sympatry, viral groups appear to circulate in both hosts, but both mitochondrial DNA control region sequences and 9-locus microsatellite genotypes revealed contrasting phylogeographic patterns for the two fox species. Among 157 Arctic foxes, 33 mitochondrial control region haplotypes were identified but little genetic structure differentiating localities was detected. Among 162 red foxes, 18 control region haplotypes delineated three groups which discriminated among the Churchill region of Manitoba, northern Quebec and Labrador populations, and the coastal Labrador locality of Cartwright. Microsatellite analyses demonstrated some genetic heterogeneity among sampling localities of Arctic foxes but no obvious pattern, while two or three clusters of red foxes suggested some admixture between the Churchill and Quebec-Labrador regions but uniqueness of the Cartwright group. The limited population ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Churchill Greenland Vulpes lagopus Alaska Siberia PLOS PLOS ONE 16 2 e0246508 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PLOS |
op_collection_id |
crplos |
language |
English |
description |
Rabies spreads in both Arctic ( Vulpes lagopus ) and red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) throughout the Canadian Arctic but limited wildlife disease surveillance, due to the extensive landmass of the Canadian north and its small widely scattered human population, undermines our knowledge of disease transmission patterns. This study has explored genetic population structure in both the rabies virus and its fox hosts to better understand factors that impact rabies spread. Phylogenetic analysis of 278 samples of the Arctic lineage of rabies virus recovered over 40 years identified four sub-lineages, A1 to A4. The A1 lineage has been restricted to southern regions of the Canadian province of Ontario. The A2 lineage, which predominates in Siberia, has also spread to northern Alaska while the A4 lineage was recovered from southern Alaska only. The A3 sub-lineage, which was also found in northern Alaska, has been responsible for virtually all cases across northern Canada and Greenland, where it further differentiated into 18 groups which have systematically evolved from a common predecessor since 1975. In areas of Arctic and red fox sympatry, viral groups appear to circulate in both hosts, but both mitochondrial DNA control region sequences and 9-locus microsatellite genotypes revealed contrasting phylogeographic patterns for the two fox species. Among 157 Arctic foxes, 33 mitochondrial control region haplotypes were identified but little genetic structure differentiating localities was detected. Among 162 red foxes, 18 control region haplotypes delineated three groups which discriminated among the Churchill region of Manitoba, northern Quebec and Labrador populations, and the coastal Labrador locality of Cartwright. Microsatellite analyses demonstrated some genetic heterogeneity among sampling localities of Arctic foxes but no obvious pattern, while two or three clusters of red foxes suggested some admixture between the Churchill and Quebec-Labrador regions but uniqueness of the Cartwright group. The limited population ... |
author2 |
Knapp, Michael Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada NSERC-USRA Government of Newfoundland and Labrador |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Falardeau, Emilie Flynn, Alex Whitney, Hugh Marshall, H. Dawn |
spellingShingle |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Falardeau, Emilie Flynn, Alex Whitney, Hugh Marshall, H. Dawn Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
author_facet |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Falardeau, Emilie Flynn, Alex Whitney, Hugh Marshall, H. Dawn |
author_sort |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. |
title |
Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
title_short |
Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
title_full |
Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
title_fullStr |
Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern Canada |
title_sort |
relationships between fox populations and rabies virus spread in northern canada |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 |
genre |
Arctic Churchill Greenland Vulpes lagopus Alaska Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Churchill Greenland Vulpes lagopus Alaska Siberia |
op_source |
PLOS ONE volume 16, issue 2, page e0246508 ISSN 1932-6203 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246508 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
e0246508 |
_version_ |
1799472897669988352 |