Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique
As the oceans become less alkaline due to rising CO 2 levels, deleterious consequences are expected for calcifying corals. Predicting how coral calcification will be affected by on-going ocean acidification (OA) requires an accurate assessment of CaCO 3 deposition and an understanding of the relativ...
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crpeerj:10.7717/peerj.3749 2024-06-02T08:12:33+00:00 Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique Cohen, Stephanie Krueger, Thomas Fine, Maoz Israel Science Foundation 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3749 https://peerj.com/articles/3749.pdf https://peerj.com/articles/3749.xml https://peerj.com/articles/3749.html en eng PeerJ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PeerJ volume 5, page e3749 ISSN 2167-8359 journal-article 2017 crpeerj https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3749 2024-05-07T14:14:01Z As the oceans become less alkaline due to rising CO 2 levels, deleterious consequences are expected for calcifying corals. Predicting how coral calcification will be affected by on-going ocean acidification (OA) requires an accurate assessment of CaCO 3 deposition and an understanding of the relative importance that decreasing calcification and/or increasing dissolution play for the overall calcification budget of individual corals. Here, we assessed the compatibility of the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity (TA) anomaly techniques as measures of gross and net calcification (GC, NC), respectively, to determine coral calcification at pH T 8.1 and 7.5. Considering the differing buffering capacity of seawater at both pH values, we were also interested in how strongly coral calcification alters the seawater carbonate chemistry under prolonged incubation in sealed chambers, potentially interfering with physiological functioning. Our data indicate that NC estimates by TA are erroneously ∼5% and ∼21% higher than GC estimates from 45 Ca for ambient and reduced pH, respectively. Considering also previous data, we show that the consistent discrepancy between both techniques across studies is not constant, but largely depends on the absolute value of CaCO 3 deposition. Deriving rates of coral dissolution from the difference between NC and GC was not possible and we advocate a more direct approach for the future by simultaneously measuring skeletal calcium influx and efflux. Substantial changes in carbonate system parameters for incubation times beyond two hours in our experiment demonstrate the necessity to test and optimize experimental incubation setups when measuring coral calcification in closed systems, especially under OA conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification PeerJ Publishing PeerJ 5 e3749 |
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English |
description |
As the oceans become less alkaline due to rising CO 2 levels, deleterious consequences are expected for calcifying corals. Predicting how coral calcification will be affected by on-going ocean acidification (OA) requires an accurate assessment of CaCO 3 deposition and an understanding of the relative importance that decreasing calcification and/or increasing dissolution play for the overall calcification budget of individual corals. Here, we assessed the compatibility of the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity (TA) anomaly techniques as measures of gross and net calcification (GC, NC), respectively, to determine coral calcification at pH T 8.1 and 7.5. Considering the differing buffering capacity of seawater at both pH values, we were also interested in how strongly coral calcification alters the seawater carbonate chemistry under prolonged incubation in sealed chambers, potentially interfering with physiological functioning. Our data indicate that NC estimates by TA are erroneously ∼5% and ∼21% higher than GC estimates from 45 Ca for ambient and reduced pH, respectively. Considering also previous data, we show that the consistent discrepancy between both techniques across studies is not constant, but largely depends on the absolute value of CaCO 3 deposition. Deriving rates of coral dissolution from the difference between NC and GC was not possible and we advocate a more direct approach for the future by simultaneously measuring skeletal calcium influx and efflux. Substantial changes in carbonate system parameters for incubation times beyond two hours in our experiment demonstrate the necessity to test and optimize experimental incubation setups when measuring coral calcification in closed systems, especially under OA conditions. |
author2 |
Israel Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cohen, Stephanie Krueger, Thomas Fine, Maoz |
spellingShingle |
Cohen, Stephanie Krueger, Thomas Fine, Maoz Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
author_facet |
Cohen, Stephanie Krueger, Thomas Fine, Maoz |
author_sort |
Cohen, Stephanie |
title |
Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
title_short |
Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
title_full |
Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
title_fullStr |
Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 Ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
title_sort |
measuring coral calcification under ocean acidification: methodological considerations for the 45 ca-uptake and total alkalinity anomaly technique |
publisher |
PeerJ |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3749 https://peerj.com/articles/3749.pdf https://peerj.com/articles/3749.xml https://peerj.com/articles/3749.html |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
PeerJ volume 5, page e3749 ISSN 2167-8359 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3749 |
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PeerJ |
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5 |
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e3749 |
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1800759012922228736 |