Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs
Phenotypic differences between closely related taxa or populations can arise through genetic variation or be environmentally induced, in both cases leading to altered transcription of genes during the structural and functional development of the body. Comparative developmental studies of closely rel...
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crpeerj:10.7287/peerj.preprints.3318 2024-06-02T08:00:03+00:00 Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs Guðbrandsson, Jóhannes Franzdóttir, Sigríður Rut Kristjánsson, Bjarni Kristófer Ahi, Ehsan Pashay Maier, Valerie Helene Snorrason, Sigurður Sveinn Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur Pálsson, Arnar 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3318 https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.pdf https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.xml https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.html unknown PeerJ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ posted-content 2017 crpeerj https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3318 2024-05-07T14:13:31Z Phenotypic differences between closely related taxa or populations can arise through genetic variation or be environmentally induced, in both cases leading to altered transcription of genes during the structural and functional development of the body. Comparative developmental studies of closely related species or variable populations of the same species can help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms related to population divergence and speciation. Studies of Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) and related salmonids have revealed considerable phenotypic variation among populations and in Arctic charr many cases of extensive variation within lakes (resource polymorphism) have been recorded. One example is the four Arctic charr morphs in the ~10.000 year old Lake Thingvallavatn, which differ in numerous morphological and life history traits. We set out to investigate the molecular and developmental roots of this polymorphism by studying gene expression in embryos of three of the morphs reared in a common garden set-up. We performed RNA-sequencing, de-novo transcriptome assembly and compared gene expression among morphs during a timeframe in early development. Expectedly, developmental time was the predominant explanatory variable. As the data were affected by RNA-degradation, an estimate of 3’-bias was the second most common explanatory variable. Morph, both as a independent variable and as interaction with developmental time, affected the expression of numerous transcripts. The majority of transcripts with significant morph effects separated the limnetic and the benthic morphs. However, gene ontology analyses did not reveal clear functional enrichment of transcripts between groups. Verification via qPCR confirmed differential expression of several genes between the morphs, including regulatory genes such as Arid4a and Tsn . The data are consistent with a scenario where genetic divergence has contributed to differential expression of multiple genes and systems during early development of these sympatric Arctic ... Other/Unknown Material Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus PeerJ Publishing Arctic |
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description |
Phenotypic differences between closely related taxa or populations can arise through genetic variation or be environmentally induced, in both cases leading to altered transcription of genes during the structural and functional development of the body. Comparative developmental studies of closely related species or variable populations of the same species can help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms related to population divergence and speciation. Studies of Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) and related salmonids have revealed considerable phenotypic variation among populations and in Arctic charr many cases of extensive variation within lakes (resource polymorphism) have been recorded. One example is the four Arctic charr morphs in the ~10.000 year old Lake Thingvallavatn, which differ in numerous morphological and life history traits. We set out to investigate the molecular and developmental roots of this polymorphism by studying gene expression in embryos of three of the morphs reared in a common garden set-up. We performed RNA-sequencing, de-novo transcriptome assembly and compared gene expression among morphs during a timeframe in early development. Expectedly, developmental time was the predominant explanatory variable. As the data were affected by RNA-degradation, an estimate of 3’-bias was the second most common explanatory variable. Morph, both as a independent variable and as interaction with developmental time, affected the expression of numerous transcripts. The majority of transcripts with significant morph effects separated the limnetic and the benthic morphs. However, gene ontology analyses did not reveal clear functional enrichment of transcripts between groups. Verification via qPCR confirmed differential expression of several genes between the morphs, including regulatory genes such as Arid4a and Tsn . The data are consistent with a scenario where genetic divergence has contributed to differential expression of multiple genes and systems during early development of these sympatric Arctic ... |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Guðbrandsson, Jóhannes Franzdóttir, Sigríður Rut Kristjánsson, Bjarni Kristófer Ahi, Ehsan Pashay Maier, Valerie Helene Snorrason, Sigurður Sveinn Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur Pálsson, Arnar |
spellingShingle |
Guðbrandsson, Jóhannes Franzdóttir, Sigríður Rut Kristjánsson, Bjarni Kristófer Ahi, Ehsan Pashay Maier, Valerie Helene Snorrason, Sigurður Sveinn Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur Pálsson, Arnar Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
author_facet |
Guðbrandsson, Jóhannes Franzdóttir, Sigríður Rut Kristjánsson, Bjarni Kristófer Ahi, Ehsan Pashay Maier, Valerie Helene Snorrason, Sigurður Sveinn Jónsson, Zophonías Oddur Pálsson, Arnar |
author_sort |
Guðbrandsson, Jóhannes |
title |
Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
title_short |
Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
title_full |
Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
title_fullStr |
Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric Arctic charr morphs |
title_sort |
differential gene expression during early development in recently evolved and sympatric arctic charr morphs |
publisher |
PeerJ |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3318 https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.pdf https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.xml https://peerj.com/preprints/3318.html |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3318 |
_version_ |
1800744077931577344 |