Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic
Abstract The cryosphere presents some of the most challenging conditions for life on earth. Nevertheless, (micro)biota survive in a range of niches in glacial systems, including water-filled depressions on glacial surfaces termed cryoconite holes (centimetre to metre in diameter and up to 0.5 m deep...
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croxfordunivpr:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01277.x 2024-09-30T14:27:09+00:00 Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic Cameron, Karen A. Hodson, Andrew J. Osborn, A. Mark 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01277.x http://academic.oup.com/femsec/article-pdf/82/2/254/31580148/82-2-254.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) FEMS Microbiology Ecology volume 82, issue 2, page 254-267 ISSN 1574-6941 0168-6496 journal-article 2012 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01277.x 2024-09-10T04:14:23Z Abstract The cryosphere presents some of the most challenging conditions for life on earth. Nevertheless, (micro)biota survive in a range of niches in glacial systems, including water-filled depressions on glacial surfaces termed cryoconite holes (centimetre to metre in diameter and up to 0.5 m deep) that contain dark granular material (cryoconite). In this study, the structure of bacterial and eukaryotic cryoconite communities from ten different locations in the Arctic and Antarctica was compared using T-RFLP analysis of rRNA genes. Community structure varied with geography, with greatest differences seen between communities from the Arctic and the Antarctic. DNA sequencing of rRNA genes revealed considerable diversity, with individual cryoconite hole communities containing between six and eight bacterial phyla and five and eight eukaryotic ‘first-rank’ taxa and including both bacterial and eukaryotic photoautotrophs. Bacterial Firmicutes and Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria, eukaryotic Rhizaria, Haptophyta, Choanomonada and Centroheliozoa, and archaea were identified for the first time in cryoconite ecosystems. Archaea were only found within Antarctic locations, with the majority of sequences (77%) related to members of the Thaumarchaeota. In conclusion, this research has revealed that Antarctic and Arctic cryoconite holes harbour geographically distinct highly diverse communities and has identified hitherto unknown bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal taxa, therein. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Oxford University Press Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic FEMS Microbiology Ecology 82 2 254 267 |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The cryosphere presents some of the most challenging conditions for life on earth. Nevertheless, (micro)biota survive in a range of niches in glacial systems, including water-filled depressions on glacial surfaces termed cryoconite holes (centimetre to metre in diameter and up to 0.5 m deep) that contain dark granular material (cryoconite). In this study, the structure of bacterial and eukaryotic cryoconite communities from ten different locations in the Arctic and Antarctica was compared using T-RFLP analysis of rRNA genes. Community structure varied with geography, with greatest differences seen between communities from the Arctic and the Antarctic. DNA sequencing of rRNA genes revealed considerable diversity, with individual cryoconite hole communities containing between six and eight bacterial phyla and five and eight eukaryotic ‘first-rank’ taxa and including both bacterial and eukaryotic photoautotrophs. Bacterial Firmicutes and Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria, eukaryotic Rhizaria, Haptophyta, Choanomonada and Centroheliozoa, and archaea were identified for the first time in cryoconite ecosystems. Archaea were only found within Antarctic locations, with the majority of sequences (77%) related to members of the Thaumarchaeota. In conclusion, this research has revealed that Antarctic and Arctic cryoconite holes harbour geographically distinct highly diverse communities and has identified hitherto unknown bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal taxa, therein. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cameron, Karen A. Hodson, Andrew J. Osborn, A. Mark |
spellingShingle |
Cameron, Karen A. Hodson, Andrew J. Osborn, A. Mark Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
author_facet |
Cameron, Karen A. Hodson, Andrew J. Osborn, A. Mark |
author_sort |
Cameron, Karen A. |
title |
Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
title_short |
Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
title_full |
Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
title_fullStr |
Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the Arctic and the Antarctic |
title_sort |
structure and diversity of bacterial, eukaryotic and archaeal communities in glacial cryoconite holes from the arctic and the antarctic |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01277.x http://academic.oup.com/femsec/article-pdf/82/2/254/31580148/82-2-254.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
op_source |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology volume 82, issue 2, page 254-267 ISSN 1574-6941 0168-6496 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01277.x |
container_title |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology |
container_volume |
82 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
254 |
op_container_end_page |
267 |
_version_ |
1811633305666191360 |