Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design
The global mean surface temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) are increasing both in the atmosphere and ocean. Oceanic CO2 uptake causes a decline in pH called ocean acidification (OA), which also alters other biologically important carbonate system variables such as carbonate min...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/74/4/934/31243324/fsw189.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 2024-06-23T07:50:45+00:00 Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design Humphreys, Matthew P. Browman, Howard Natural Environment Research Council CaNDyFloSS: Carbon and Nutrient Dynamics and Fluxes over Shelf Systems 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/74/4/934/31243324/fsw189.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 74, issue 4, page 934-940 ISSN 1054-3139 1095-9289 journal-article 2016 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 2024-06-04T06:15:48Z The global mean surface temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) are increasing both in the atmosphere and ocean. Oceanic CO2 uptake causes a decline in pH called ocean acidification (OA), which also alters other biologically important carbonate system variables such as carbonate mineral saturation states. Here, we discuss how a “temperature buffering” effect chemically links the rates of warming and OA at a more fundamental level than is often appreciated, meaning that seawater warming could mitigate some of the adverse biological impacts of OA. In a global mean sense, the rate of warming relative to the CO2 increase can be quantified by the climate sensitivity (CS), the exact value of which is uncertain. It may initially appear that a greater CS would therefore reduce the negative influence of OA. However, the dependence of the rate of CO2 increase on the CS could enhance, nullify or even reverse the temperature buffering effect, depending upon the future trajectory of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Regional deviations from the global mean seawater temperature and CO2 uptake trends could modulate local responses to OA. For example, mitigation of OA impacts through temperature buffering could be particularly effective in the Arctic Ocean, where the surface seawater warming rate is greater than the global mean, and the aqueous CO2 concentration might increase more slowly than elsewhere. Some carbonate system variables are more strongly affected than others, highlighting the need to develop a mechanistic understanding of precisely which variables are important to each biogeochemical process. Temperature buffering of the marine carbonate system should be taken into account when designing experiments to determine marine species and ecosystem responses to warming and OA, in order that their results accurately reflect future conditions, and therefore can generate realistic predictions when applied to Earth system models. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification Oxford University Press Arctic Arctic Ocean ICES Journal of Marine Science 74 4 934 940 |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
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English |
description |
The global mean surface temperature and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) are increasing both in the atmosphere and ocean. Oceanic CO2 uptake causes a decline in pH called ocean acidification (OA), which also alters other biologically important carbonate system variables such as carbonate mineral saturation states. Here, we discuss how a “temperature buffering” effect chemically links the rates of warming and OA at a more fundamental level than is often appreciated, meaning that seawater warming could mitigate some of the adverse biological impacts of OA. In a global mean sense, the rate of warming relative to the CO2 increase can be quantified by the climate sensitivity (CS), the exact value of which is uncertain. It may initially appear that a greater CS would therefore reduce the negative influence of OA. However, the dependence of the rate of CO2 increase on the CS could enhance, nullify or even reverse the temperature buffering effect, depending upon the future trajectory of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Regional deviations from the global mean seawater temperature and CO2 uptake trends could modulate local responses to OA. For example, mitigation of OA impacts through temperature buffering could be particularly effective in the Arctic Ocean, where the surface seawater warming rate is greater than the global mean, and the aqueous CO2 concentration might increase more slowly than elsewhere. Some carbonate system variables are more strongly affected than others, highlighting the need to develop a mechanistic understanding of precisely which variables are important to each biogeochemical process. Temperature buffering of the marine carbonate system should be taken into account when designing experiments to determine marine species and ecosystem responses to warming and OA, in order that their results accurately reflect future conditions, and therefore can generate realistic predictions when applied to Earth system models. |
author2 |
Browman, Howard Natural Environment Research Council CaNDyFloSS: Carbon and Nutrient Dynamics and Fluxes over Shelf Systems |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Humphreys, Matthew P. |
spellingShingle |
Humphreys, Matthew P. Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
author_facet |
Humphreys, Matthew P. |
author_sort |
Humphreys, Matthew P. |
title |
Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
title_short |
Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
title_full |
Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
title_fullStr |
Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
title_sort |
climate sensitivity and the rate of ocean acidification: future impacts, and implications for experimental design |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/74/4/934/31243324/fsw189.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean acidification |
op_source |
ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 74, issue 4, page 934-940 ISSN 1054-3139 1095-9289 |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw189 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
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74 |
container_issue |
4 |
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934 |
op_container_end_page |
940 |
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1802641662180065280 |