Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate
Abstract The southwestern Norwegian Sea is characterized by an inflow of warm and saline Atlantic water from the southwest and cold and less saline East Icelandic Water (EIW), of Arctic origin, from the northwest. These two water masses meet and form the Iceland-Faroe Front (IFF). In this region, th...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/73/5/1319/31230639/fsv222.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 2023-05-15T15:00:58+02:00 Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate Kristiansen, Inga Gaard, Eilif Hátún, Hjálmar Jónasdóttir, Sigrún Ferreira, A. Sofia A. 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/73/5/1319/31230639/fsv222.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 73, issue 5, page 1319-1329 ISSN 1095-9289 1054-3139 Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography journal-article 2015 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 2022-12-29T15:33:53Z Abstract The southwestern Norwegian Sea is characterized by an inflow of warm and saline Atlantic water from the southwest and cold and less saline East Icelandic Water (EIW), of Arctic origin, from the northwest. These two water masses meet and form the Iceland-Faroe Front (IFF). In this region, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus plays a key role in the pelagic ecosystem. Time-series of C. finmarchicus and Calanus hyperboreus in May and September, extending back to the early 1990s, were studied in relation to phytoplankton bloom dynamics and hydrography. The main reproductive period of C. finmarchicus started consistently earlier south of the IFF, resulting in different life cycles and stage compositions in the two water masses. In 2003, a sudden shift occurred north of the IFF, resulting in a similar phenology pattern to south of the IFF. Before this, only one generation of C. finmarchicus was produced in the Arctic water, but the earlier reproduction enabled the species to produce two generations after 2003. Simultaneously, C. hyperboreus, an expatriate in the EIW, largely disappeared. Food availability is unlikely the reason for the phenological differences observed across the front, as the typical pattern of the phytoplankton spring bloom showed an earlier onset north of the IFF. Temperature and salinity peaked at record high values in 2003 and 2004, and therefore possible links to oceanography are discussed. The dominant role of Calanus spp. and the potential linkages to water mass exchanges may herald strong effects on the ecosystem and pelagic fish in this subpolar Atlantic region under expected climate change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Calanus finmarchicus Calanus hyperboreus Climate change Iceland Norwegian Sea Phytoplankton Oxford University Press (via Crossref) Arctic Norwegian Sea ICES Journal of Marine Science 73 5 1319 1329 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Oxford University Press (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Kristiansen, Inga Gaard, Eilif Hátún, Hjálmar Jónasdóttir, Sigrún Ferreira, A. Sofia A. Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
topic_facet |
Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography |
description |
Abstract The southwestern Norwegian Sea is characterized by an inflow of warm and saline Atlantic water from the southwest and cold and less saline East Icelandic Water (EIW), of Arctic origin, from the northwest. These two water masses meet and form the Iceland-Faroe Front (IFF). In this region, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus plays a key role in the pelagic ecosystem. Time-series of C. finmarchicus and Calanus hyperboreus in May and September, extending back to the early 1990s, were studied in relation to phytoplankton bloom dynamics and hydrography. The main reproductive period of C. finmarchicus started consistently earlier south of the IFF, resulting in different life cycles and stage compositions in the two water masses. In 2003, a sudden shift occurred north of the IFF, resulting in a similar phenology pattern to south of the IFF. Before this, only one generation of C. finmarchicus was produced in the Arctic water, but the earlier reproduction enabled the species to produce two generations after 2003. Simultaneously, C. hyperboreus, an expatriate in the EIW, largely disappeared. Food availability is unlikely the reason for the phenological differences observed across the front, as the typical pattern of the phytoplankton spring bloom showed an earlier onset north of the IFF. Temperature and salinity peaked at record high values in 2003 and 2004, and therefore possible links to oceanography are discussed. The dominant role of Calanus spp. and the potential linkages to water mass exchanges may herald strong effects on the ecosystem and pelagic fish in this subpolar Atlantic region under expected climate change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kristiansen, Inga Gaard, Eilif Hátún, Hjálmar Jónasdóttir, Sigrún Ferreira, A. Sofia A. |
author_facet |
Kristiansen, Inga Gaard, Eilif Hátún, Hjálmar Jónasdóttir, Sigrún Ferreira, A. Sofia A. |
author_sort |
Kristiansen, Inga |
title |
Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
title_short |
Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
title_full |
Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
title_fullStr |
Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Persistent shift of Calanus spp. in the southwestern Norwegian Sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
title_sort |
persistent shift of calanus spp. in the southwestern norwegian sea since 2003, linked to ocean climate |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/73/5/1319/31230639/fsv222.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Norwegian Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norwegian Sea |
genre |
Arctic Calanus finmarchicus Calanus hyperboreus Climate change Iceland Norwegian Sea Phytoplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Calanus finmarchicus Calanus hyperboreus Climate change Iceland Norwegian Sea Phytoplankton |
op_source |
ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 73, issue 5, page 1319-1329 ISSN 1095-9289 1054-3139 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv222 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
73 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1319 |
op_container_end_page |
1329 |
_version_ |
1766333019134623744 |