Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm
Abstract A genetically marked Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) strain was used to identify escapes from commercial cod farms, and to investigate the potential interbreeding between farmed and wild cod. This farmed cod was homozygote for a rare allele (30) in the GPI-1 locus expressed in white muscle t...
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Oxford University Press (OUP)
2013
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst171 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/71/3/574/29146981/fst171.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/icesjms/fst171 2024-05-19T07:37:07+00:00 Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm Jørstad, Knut E. Otterå, Håkon van der Meeren, Terje Dahle, Geir Paulsen, Ole I. Bakke, Gunnar Svåsand, Terje 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst171 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/71/3/574/29146981/fst171.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 71, issue 3, page 574-584 ISSN 1095-9289 1054-3139 journal-article 2013 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst171 2024-05-02T09:31:26Z Abstract A genetically marked Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) strain was used to identify escapes from commercial cod farms, and to investigate the potential interbreeding between farmed and wild cod. This farmed cod was homozygote for a rare allele (30) in the GPI-1 locus expressed in white muscle tissue. Juveniles were produced from this strain in 2007 and 2008, and 500 000 individuals of each year class were transported to a cod farm in western Norway, where they were raised under commercial conditions. A monitoring fishing program was established from spring 2007 to detect escapees during the farming period. The first farmed cod escapees, identified to the 2007 year class through the genetic mark, age and body size, were detected during the fishing survey in November 2008. The second escape of the same year class was detected during the natural spawning season in early April 2009. A third escape was detected in November 2009, and this time the farmed cod were identified to the 2008 year class. The escapees were spreading through the whole fjord system, including local spawning sites for wild cod. Detailed examination of the escaped cod revealed a substantial degree of sexual maturation, and nearly 1000 cod larvae and early juveniles were therefore collected through spring 2009. The genetic analyses identified eight of these as genetically marked, demonstrating successful reproduction either in the cage or after escape. Interbreeding between escaped and wild cod may also have occurred, but cannot be proven from our material. In all years after the three identified escapes, genetically marked cod were found in the fjord area. In addition, several specimens were observed in adjacent fjord systems, demonstrating long-term survival in the local spawning areas as well as substantial spread over larger distances. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Oxford University Press ICES Journal of Marine Science 71 3 574 584 |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract A genetically marked Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) strain was used to identify escapes from commercial cod farms, and to investigate the potential interbreeding between farmed and wild cod. This farmed cod was homozygote for a rare allele (30) in the GPI-1 locus expressed in white muscle tissue. Juveniles were produced from this strain in 2007 and 2008, and 500 000 individuals of each year class were transported to a cod farm in western Norway, where they were raised under commercial conditions. A monitoring fishing program was established from spring 2007 to detect escapees during the farming period. The first farmed cod escapees, identified to the 2007 year class through the genetic mark, age and body size, were detected during the fishing survey in November 2008. The second escape of the same year class was detected during the natural spawning season in early April 2009. A third escape was detected in November 2009, and this time the farmed cod were identified to the 2008 year class. The escapees were spreading through the whole fjord system, including local spawning sites for wild cod. Detailed examination of the escaped cod revealed a substantial degree of sexual maturation, and nearly 1000 cod larvae and early juveniles were therefore collected through spring 2009. The genetic analyses identified eight of these as genetically marked, demonstrating successful reproduction either in the cage or after escape. Interbreeding between escaped and wild cod may also have occurred, but cannot be proven from our material. In all years after the three identified escapes, genetically marked cod were found in the fjord area. In addition, several specimens were observed in adjacent fjord systems, demonstrating long-term survival in the local spawning areas as well as substantial spread over larger distances. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jørstad, Knut E. Otterå, Håkon van der Meeren, Terje Dahle, Geir Paulsen, Ole I. Bakke, Gunnar Svåsand, Terje |
spellingShingle |
Jørstad, Knut E. Otterå, Håkon van der Meeren, Terje Dahle, Geir Paulsen, Ole I. Bakke, Gunnar Svåsand, Terje Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
author_facet |
Jørstad, Knut E. Otterå, Håkon van der Meeren, Terje Dahle, Geir Paulsen, Ole I. Bakke, Gunnar Svåsand, Terje |
author_sort |
Jørstad, Knut E. |
title |
Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
title_short |
Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
title_full |
Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
title_fullStr |
Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic marking of farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
title_sort |
genetic marking of farmed atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) and detection of escapes from a commercial cod farm |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst171 http://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-pdf/71/3/574/29146981/fst171.pdf |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
ICES Journal of Marine Science volume 71, issue 3, page 574-584 ISSN 1095-9289 1054-3139 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst171 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
71 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
574 |
op_container_end_page |
584 |
_version_ |
1799476361331474432 |