Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance
Synopsis Diving physiology has received considerable scientific attention as it is a central element of the extreme phenotype of marine mammals. Many scientific discoveries have illuminated physiological mechanisms supporting diving, such as massive, internally bound oxygen stores and dramatic cardi...
Published in: | Integrative and Comparative Biology |
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Oxford University Press (OUP)
2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa083 http://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/icb/icaa083/33702874/icaa083.pdf http://academic.oup.com/icb/article-pdf/60/6/1414/34926797/icaa083.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/icb/icaa083 2024-09-15T17:42:38+00:00 Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance Weitzner, Emma L Fanter, Cornelia E Hindle, Allyson G 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa083 http://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/icb/icaa083/33702874/icaa083.pdf http://academic.oup.com/icb/article-pdf/60/6/1414/34926797/icaa083.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model Integrative and Comparative Biology volume 60, issue 6, page 1414-1424 ISSN 1540-7063 1557-7023 journal-article 2020 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa083 2024-08-12T04:21:27Z Synopsis Diving physiology has received considerable scientific attention as it is a central element of the extreme phenotype of marine mammals. Many scientific discoveries have illuminated physiological mechanisms supporting diving, such as massive, internally bound oxygen stores and dramatic cardiovascular regulation. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that support the diving phenotype remain mostly unexplored as logistic and legal restrictions limit the extent of scientific manipulation possible. With next-generation sequencing (NGS) tools becoming more widespread and cost-effective, there are new opportunities to explore the diving phenotype. Genomic investigations come with their own challenges, particularly those including cross-species comparisons. Studying the regulatory pathways that underlie diving mammal ontogeny could provide a window into the comparative physiology of hypoxia tolerance. Specifically, in pinnipeds, which shift from terrestrial pups to elite diving adults, there is potential to characterize the transcriptional, epigenetic, and posttranslational differences between contrasting phenotypes while leveraging a common genome. Here we review the current literature detailing the maturation of the diving phenotype in pinnipeds, which has primarily been explored via biomarkers of metabolic capability including antioxidants, muscle fiber typing, and key aerobic and anaerobic metabolic enzymes. We also discuss how NGS tools have been leveraged to study phenotypic shifts within species through ontogeny, and how this approach may be applied to investigate the biochemical and physiological mechanisms that develop as pups become elite diving adults. We conclude with a specific example of the Antarctic Weddell seal by overlapping protein biomarkers with gene regulatory microRNA datasets. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal Oxford University Press Integrative and Comparative Biology 60 6 1414 1424 |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Synopsis Diving physiology has received considerable scientific attention as it is a central element of the extreme phenotype of marine mammals. Many scientific discoveries have illuminated physiological mechanisms supporting diving, such as massive, internally bound oxygen stores and dramatic cardiovascular regulation. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that support the diving phenotype remain mostly unexplored as logistic and legal restrictions limit the extent of scientific manipulation possible. With next-generation sequencing (NGS) tools becoming more widespread and cost-effective, there are new opportunities to explore the diving phenotype. Genomic investigations come with their own challenges, particularly those including cross-species comparisons. Studying the regulatory pathways that underlie diving mammal ontogeny could provide a window into the comparative physiology of hypoxia tolerance. Specifically, in pinnipeds, which shift from terrestrial pups to elite diving adults, there is potential to characterize the transcriptional, epigenetic, and posttranslational differences between contrasting phenotypes while leveraging a common genome. Here we review the current literature detailing the maturation of the diving phenotype in pinnipeds, which has primarily been explored via biomarkers of metabolic capability including antioxidants, muscle fiber typing, and key aerobic and anaerobic metabolic enzymes. We also discuss how NGS tools have been leveraged to study phenotypic shifts within species through ontogeny, and how this approach may be applied to investigate the biochemical and physiological mechanisms that develop as pups become elite diving adults. We conclude with a specific example of the Antarctic Weddell seal by overlapping protein biomarkers with gene regulatory microRNA datasets. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Weitzner, Emma L Fanter, Cornelia E Hindle, Allyson G |
spellingShingle |
Weitzner, Emma L Fanter, Cornelia E Hindle, Allyson G Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
author_facet |
Weitzner, Emma L Fanter, Cornelia E Hindle, Allyson G |
author_sort |
Weitzner, Emma L |
title |
Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
title_short |
Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
title_full |
Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
title_fullStr |
Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pinniped Ontogeny as a Window into the Comparative Physiology and Genomics of Hypoxia Tolerance |
title_sort |
pinniped ontogeny as a window into the comparative physiology and genomics of hypoxia tolerance |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa083 http://academic.oup.com/icb/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/icb/icaa083/33702874/icaa083.pdf http://academic.oup.com/icb/article-pdf/60/6/1414/34926797/icaa083.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Weddell Seal |
op_source |
Integrative and Comparative Biology volume 60, issue 6, page 1414-1424 ISSN 1540-7063 1557-7023 |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa083 |
container_title |
Integrative and Comparative Biology |
container_volume |
60 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1414 |
op_container_end_page |
1424 |
_version_ |
1810489277392355328 |