The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets
SUMMARY We present a tomographic model of the crust, upper mantle and transition zone beneath the South Atlantic, South America and Africa. Taking advantage of the recent growth in broadband data sampling, we compute the model using waveform fits of over 1.2 million vertical-component seismograms, o...
Published in: | Geophysical Journal International |
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Oxford University Press (OUP)
2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz574 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggz574/31721845/ggz574.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/221/1/178/32093523/ggz574.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/gji/ggz574 2024-09-30T14:43:38+00:00 The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets Celli, N L Lebedev, S Schaeffer, A J Ravenna, M Gaina, C Science Foundation Ireland European Regional Development Fund Geological Survey of Ireland Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz574 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggz574/31721845/ggz574.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/221/1/178/32093523/ggz574.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model Geophysical Journal International volume 221, issue 1, page 178-204 ISSN 0956-540X 1365-246X journal-article 2020 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz574 2024-09-17T04:28:34Z SUMMARY We present a tomographic model of the crust, upper mantle and transition zone beneath the South Atlantic, South America and Africa. Taking advantage of the recent growth in broadband data sampling, we compute the model using waveform fits of over 1.2 million vertical-component seismograms, obtained with the automated multimode inversion of surface, S and multiple S waves. Each waveform provides a set of linear equations constraining perturbations with respect to a 3-D reference model within an approximate sensitivity volume. We then combine all equations into a large linear system and solve it for a 3-D model of S- and P-wave speeds and azimuthal anisotropy within the crust, upper mantle and uppermost lower mantle. In South America and Africa, our new model SA2019 reveals detailed structure of the lithosphere, with structure of the cratons within the continents much more complex than seen previously. In South America, lower seismic velocities underneath the transbrasilian lineament (TBL) separate the high-velocity anomalies beneath the Amazon Craton from those beneath the São Francisco and Paraná Cratons. We image the buried portions of the Amazon Craton, the thick cratonic lithosphere of the Paraná and Parnaíba Basins and an apparently cratonic block wedged between western Guyana and the slab to the west of it, unexposed at the surface. Thick cratonic lithosphere is absent under the Archean crust of the São Luis, Luis Álves and Rio de La Plata Cratons, next to the continental margin. The Guyana Highlands are underlain by low velocities, indicating hot asthenosphere. In the transition zone, we map the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Chile Rise under Patagonia. Cratonic lithosphere beneath Africa is more fragmented than seen previously, with separate cratonic units observed within the West African and Congo Cratons, and with cratonic lithosphere absent beneath large portions of Archean crust. We image the lateral extent of the Niassa Craton, hypothesized previously and identify a new unit, the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper South Atlantic Ocean Oxford University Press Patagonia Geophysical Journal International 221 1 178 204 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Oxford University Press |
op_collection_id |
croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
SUMMARY We present a tomographic model of the crust, upper mantle and transition zone beneath the South Atlantic, South America and Africa. Taking advantage of the recent growth in broadband data sampling, we compute the model using waveform fits of over 1.2 million vertical-component seismograms, obtained with the automated multimode inversion of surface, S and multiple S waves. Each waveform provides a set of linear equations constraining perturbations with respect to a 3-D reference model within an approximate sensitivity volume. We then combine all equations into a large linear system and solve it for a 3-D model of S- and P-wave speeds and azimuthal anisotropy within the crust, upper mantle and uppermost lower mantle. In South America and Africa, our new model SA2019 reveals detailed structure of the lithosphere, with structure of the cratons within the continents much more complex than seen previously. In South America, lower seismic velocities underneath the transbrasilian lineament (TBL) separate the high-velocity anomalies beneath the Amazon Craton from those beneath the São Francisco and Paraná Cratons. We image the buried portions of the Amazon Craton, the thick cratonic lithosphere of the Paraná and Parnaíba Basins and an apparently cratonic block wedged between western Guyana and the slab to the west of it, unexposed at the surface. Thick cratonic lithosphere is absent under the Archean crust of the São Luis, Luis Álves and Rio de La Plata Cratons, next to the continental margin. The Guyana Highlands are underlain by low velocities, indicating hot asthenosphere. In the transition zone, we map the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Chile Rise under Patagonia. Cratonic lithosphere beneath Africa is more fragmented than seen previously, with separate cratonic units observed within the West African and Congo Cratons, and with cratonic lithosphere absent beneath large portions of Archean crust. We image the lateral extent of the Niassa Craton, hypothesized previously and identify a new unit, the ... |
author2 |
Science Foundation Ireland European Regional Development Fund Geological Survey of Ireland Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Celli, N L Lebedev, S Schaeffer, A J Ravenna, M Gaina, C |
spellingShingle |
Celli, N L Lebedev, S Schaeffer, A J Ravenna, M Gaina, C The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
author_facet |
Celli, N L Lebedev, S Schaeffer, A J Ravenna, M Gaina, C |
author_sort |
Celli, N L |
title |
The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
title_short |
The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
title_full |
The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
title_fullStr |
The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
title_full_unstemmed |
The upper mantle beneath the South Atlantic Ocean, South America and Africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
title_sort |
upper mantle beneath the south atlantic ocean, south america and africa from waveform tomography with massive data sets |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz574 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggz574/31721845/ggz574.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/221/1/178/32093523/ggz574.pdf |
geographic |
Patagonia |
geographic_facet |
Patagonia |
genre |
South Atlantic Ocean |
genre_facet |
South Atlantic Ocean |
op_source |
Geophysical Journal International volume 221, issue 1, page 178-204 ISSN 0956-540X 1365-246X |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz574 |
container_title |
Geophysical Journal International |
container_volume |
221 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
178 |
op_container_end_page |
204 |
_version_ |
1811645360710352896 |