Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays
SUMMARY Instrumental timing and phase errors are a notorious problem in seismic data acquisition and processing. These can be frequency independent, for example due to clock drift, but may also be frequency dependent, for example due to imperfectly known instrument responses. A technique is presente...
Published in: | Geophysical Journal International |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggaa504/33960887/ggaa504.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/224/2/1028/34446156/ggaa504.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/gji/ggaa504 2024-01-21T10:07:28+01:00 Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays Weemstra, Cornelis de Laat, Janneke I Verdel, Arie Smets, Pieter Seventh Framework Programme Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research Netherlands Research Centre for Integrated Solid Earth Sciences 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggaa504/33960887/ggaa504.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/224/2/1028/34446156/ggaa504.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model Geophysical Journal International volume 224, issue 2, page 1028-1055 ISSN 0956-540X 1365-246X Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics journal-article 2020 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504 2023-12-22T09:46:14Z SUMMARY Instrumental timing and phase errors are a notorious problem in seismic data acquisition and processing. These can be frequency independent, for example due to clock drift, but may also be frequency dependent, for example due to imperfectly known instrument responses. A technique is presented that allows both types of errors to be recovered in a systematic fashion. The methodology relies on the time-symmetry usually inherent in time-averaged cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise: the difference between the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at positive time and the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at negative time is quantified. Doing this for all eligible receiver–receiver pairs of a large-N seismic array, including one or more receivers devoid of instrumental timing errors, the instrumental timing errors of all incorrectly timed receivers can be determined uniquely. Most notably, this is accomplished by means of a weighted least-squares inversion. The weights are based on the receiver–receiver distances and decrease the adverse effect of inhomogeneities in the noise illumination pattern on the recovered instrumental timing errors. Inversion results are furthermore optimized by limiting the inversion to receiver couples that (i) exceed a specific receiver–receiver distance threshold and (ii) whose time-averaged cross-correlations exceed a specific signal-to-noise ratio threshold. Potential frequency dependence of the timing errors is incorporated by means of an iterative, frequency-dependent approach. The proposed methodology is validated using synthetic recordings of ambient seismic surface-wave noise due to an arbitrary non-uniform illumination pattern. The methodology is successfully applied to time-averaged cross-correlations of field recordings of ambient seismic noise on and around the Reykjanes peninsula, SW Iceland. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Oxford University Press (via Crossref) Reykjanes ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) Geophysical Journal International 224 2 1028 1055 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Oxford University Press (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
topic |
Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics |
spellingShingle |
Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Weemstra, Cornelis de Laat, Janneke I Verdel, Arie Smets, Pieter Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
topic_facet |
Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics |
description |
SUMMARY Instrumental timing and phase errors are a notorious problem in seismic data acquisition and processing. These can be frequency independent, for example due to clock drift, but may also be frequency dependent, for example due to imperfectly known instrument responses. A technique is presented that allows both types of errors to be recovered in a systematic fashion. The methodology relies on the time-symmetry usually inherent in time-averaged cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise: the difference between the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at positive time and the arrival time of the direct surface-wave at negative time is quantified. Doing this for all eligible receiver–receiver pairs of a large-N seismic array, including one or more receivers devoid of instrumental timing errors, the instrumental timing errors of all incorrectly timed receivers can be determined uniquely. Most notably, this is accomplished by means of a weighted least-squares inversion. The weights are based on the receiver–receiver distances and decrease the adverse effect of inhomogeneities in the noise illumination pattern on the recovered instrumental timing errors. Inversion results are furthermore optimized by limiting the inversion to receiver couples that (i) exceed a specific receiver–receiver distance threshold and (ii) whose time-averaged cross-correlations exceed a specific signal-to-noise ratio threshold. Potential frequency dependence of the timing errors is incorporated by means of an iterative, frequency-dependent approach. The proposed methodology is validated using synthetic recordings of ambient seismic surface-wave noise due to an arbitrary non-uniform illumination pattern. The methodology is successfully applied to time-averaged cross-correlations of field recordings of ambient seismic noise on and around the Reykjanes peninsula, SW Iceland. |
author2 |
Seventh Framework Programme Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research Netherlands Research Centre for Integrated Solid Earth Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Weemstra, Cornelis de Laat, Janneke I Verdel, Arie Smets, Pieter |
author_facet |
Weemstra, Cornelis de Laat, Janneke I Verdel, Arie Smets, Pieter |
author_sort |
Weemstra, Cornelis |
title |
Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
title_short |
Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
title_full |
Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
title_fullStr |
Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
title_full_unstemmed |
Systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-N seismic arrays |
title_sort |
systematic recovery of instrumental timing and phase errors using interferometric surface-waves retrieved from large-n seismic arrays |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504 http://academic.oup.com/gji/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/gji/ggaa504/33960887/ggaa504.pdf http://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/224/2/1028/34446156/ggaa504.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-22.250,-22.250,65.467,65.467) |
geographic |
Reykjanes |
geographic_facet |
Reykjanes |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Geophysical Journal International volume 224, issue 2, page 1028-1055 ISSN 0956-540X 1365-246X |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa504 |
container_title |
Geophysical Journal International |
container_volume |
224 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
1028 |
op_container_end_page |
1055 |
_version_ |
1788698056506474496 |