Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs
ABSTRACT Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within...
Published in: | FEMS Microbiology Ecology |
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Oxford University Press (OUP)
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/femsec/fiz166 2024-05-19T07:36:17+00:00 Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 http://academic.oup.com/femsec/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/femsec/fiz166/30194876/fiz166.pdf http://academic.oup.com/femsec/article-pdf/95/12/fiz166/30959049/fiz166.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ FEMS Microbiology Ecology volume 95, issue 12 ISSN 0168-6496 1574-6941 journal-article 2019 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 2024-05-02T09:29:39Z ABSTRACT Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within permafrost that contain relic (late Pleistocene) seawater brine, as well as nearby sea-ice brines to examine microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We also quantified the communities microscopically and assessed environmental parameters as possible determinants of community structure. The cryopeg brines harbored surprisingly dense bacterial communities (up to 108 cells mL–1) and millimolar levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter, extracellular polysaccharides and ammonia. Community composition and diversity differed between the two brine environments by alpha- and beta-diversity indices, with cryopeg brine communities appearing less diverse and dominated by one strain of the genus Marinobacter, also detected in other cold, hypersaline environments, including sea ice. The higher density and trend toward lower diversity in the cryopeg communities suggest that long-term stability and other features of a subzero brine are more important selective forces than in situ temperature or salinity, even when the latter are extreme. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska Oxford University Press FEMS Microbiology Ecology 95 12 |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
ABSTRACT Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within permafrost that contain relic (late Pleistocene) seawater brine, as well as nearby sea-ice brines to examine microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We also quantified the communities microscopically and assessed environmental parameters as possible determinants of community structure. The cryopeg brines harbored surprisingly dense bacterial communities (up to 108 cells mL–1) and millimolar levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter, extracellular polysaccharides and ammonia. Community composition and diversity differed between the two brine environments by alpha- and beta-diversity indices, with cryopeg brine communities appearing less diverse and dominated by one strain of the genus Marinobacter, also detected in other cold, hypersaline environments, including sea ice. The higher density and trend toward lower diversity in the cryopeg communities suggest that long-term stability and other features of a subzero brine are more important selective forces than in situ temperature or salinity, even when the latter are extreme. |
author2 |
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W |
spellingShingle |
Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
author_facet |
Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W |
author_sort |
Cooper, Zachary S |
title |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_short |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_full |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_fullStr |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_sort |
distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 http://academic.oup.com/femsec/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/femsec/fiz166/30194876/fiz166.pdf http://academic.oup.com/femsec/article-pdf/95/12/fiz166/30959049/fiz166.pdf |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska |
op_source |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology volume 95, issue 12 ISSN 0168-6496 1574-6941 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 |
container_title |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology |
container_volume |
95 |
container_issue |
12 |
_version_ |
1799475396066934784 |