Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures
Abstract Predicted future warming of aquatic environments could make fish vulnerable to naturally occurring fasting periods during migration between feeding and spawning sites, as these endeavours become energetically more expensive. In this study, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) acclimated to midrang...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac037 https://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/10/1/coac037/44118680/coac037.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/conphys/coac037 2024-06-23T07:51:17+00:00 Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures Hvas, Malthe Cooke, Steven Research Council of Norway 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac037 https://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/10/1/coac037/44118680/coac037.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Conservation Physiology volume 10, issue 1 ISSN 2051-1434 journal-article 2022 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac037 2024-06-04T06:10:39Z Abstract Predicted future warming of aquatic environments could make fish vulnerable to naturally occurring fasting periods during migration between feeding and spawning sites, as these endeavours become energetically more expensive. In this study, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) acclimated to midrange (9°C) or elevated suboptimal (18°C) temperatures were subjected to critical (Ucrit) and sustained (4 hours at 80% Ucrit) swimming trials before and after 4 weeks of fasting. Fasting caused weight losses of 7.3% and 8.3% at 9°C and 18°C, respectively. The Ucrit was unaffected by fasting, but higher at 18°C. Fatigue was associated with higher plasma cortisol, osmolality, Na+ and Cl− at 18°C, and ionic disturbances were higher in fasted fish. All fish completed the sustained swim trials while maintaining constant oxygen uptake rates (ṀO2), indicating strictly aerobic swimming efforts. At low swimming speeds ṀO2 was downregulated in fasted fish by 23.8% and 15.6% at 9°C and 18°C, respectively, likely as an adaptation to preserve resources. However, at higher speeds ṀO2 became similar to fed fish showing that maximum metabolic rates were maintained. The changes in ṀO2 lowered costs of transport and optimal swimming speeds in fasted fish at both temperatures, but these energetic alterations were smaller at 18°C while routine ṀO2 was 57% higher than at 9°C. As such, this study shows that Atlantic salmon maintain both glycolytic and aerobic swimming capacities after extended fasting, even at elevated suboptimal temperatures, and adaptive metabolic downregulation provides increased swimming efficiency in fasted fish. Although, improved swimming energetics were smaller when fasting at the higher temperature while metabolism becomes elevated. This could affect migration success in warming climates, especially when considering interactions with other costly activities such as coping with parasites obtained when passing aquaculture sites during seaward travel or gonad development while being voluntarily anorexic during upriver ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Oxford University Press Conservation Physiology 10 1 |
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Oxford University Press |
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English |
description |
Abstract Predicted future warming of aquatic environments could make fish vulnerable to naturally occurring fasting periods during migration between feeding and spawning sites, as these endeavours become energetically more expensive. In this study, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) acclimated to midrange (9°C) or elevated suboptimal (18°C) temperatures were subjected to critical (Ucrit) and sustained (4 hours at 80% Ucrit) swimming trials before and after 4 weeks of fasting. Fasting caused weight losses of 7.3% and 8.3% at 9°C and 18°C, respectively. The Ucrit was unaffected by fasting, but higher at 18°C. Fatigue was associated with higher plasma cortisol, osmolality, Na+ and Cl− at 18°C, and ionic disturbances were higher in fasted fish. All fish completed the sustained swim trials while maintaining constant oxygen uptake rates (ṀO2), indicating strictly aerobic swimming efforts. At low swimming speeds ṀO2 was downregulated in fasted fish by 23.8% and 15.6% at 9°C and 18°C, respectively, likely as an adaptation to preserve resources. However, at higher speeds ṀO2 became similar to fed fish showing that maximum metabolic rates were maintained. The changes in ṀO2 lowered costs of transport and optimal swimming speeds in fasted fish at both temperatures, but these energetic alterations were smaller at 18°C while routine ṀO2 was 57% higher than at 9°C. As such, this study shows that Atlantic salmon maintain both glycolytic and aerobic swimming capacities after extended fasting, even at elevated suboptimal temperatures, and adaptive metabolic downregulation provides increased swimming efficiency in fasted fish. Although, improved swimming energetics were smaller when fasting at the higher temperature while metabolism becomes elevated. This could affect migration success in warming climates, especially when considering interactions with other costly activities such as coping with parasites obtained when passing aquaculture sites during seaward travel or gonad development while being voluntarily anorexic during upriver ... |
author2 |
Cooke, Steven Research Council of Norway |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hvas, Malthe |
spellingShingle |
Hvas, Malthe Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
author_facet |
Hvas, Malthe |
author_sort |
Hvas, Malthe |
title |
Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
title_short |
Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
title_full |
Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
title_fullStr |
Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Swimming energetics of Atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
title_sort |
swimming energetics of atlantic salmon in relation to extended fasting at different temperatures |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac037 https://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/10/1/coac037/44118680/coac037.pdf |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Conservation Physiology volume 10, issue 1 ISSN 2051-1434 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coac037 |
container_title |
Conservation Physiology |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1802642338379464704 |