Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales
Abstract Assessing the long-term consequences of sub-lethal anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife populations requires integrating data on fine-scale individual behavior and physiology into spatially and temporally broader, population-level inference. A typical behavioral response to disturbance is...
Published in: | Conservation Physiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Oxford University Press (OUP)
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa137 http://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/9/1/coaa137/35890808/coaa137.pdf |
id |
croxfordunivpr:10.1093/conphys/coaa137 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
croxfordunivpr:10.1093/conphys/coaa137 2024-05-19T07:37:59+00:00 Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales Pirotta, Enrico Booth, Cormac G Cade, David E Calambokidis, John Costa, Daniel P Fahlbusch, James A Friedlaender, Ari S Goldbogen, Jeremy A Harwood, John Hazen, Elliott L New, Leslie Southall, Brandon L Cooke, Steven ONR Defense University Research Instrumentation Program ONR Young Investigator Program National Science Foundation Office of Naval Research 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa137 http://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/9/1/coaa137/35890808/coaa137.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Conservation Physiology volume 9, issue 1 ISSN 2051-1434 journal-article 2021 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa137 2024-05-02T09:29:31Z Abstract Assessing the long-term consequences of sub-lethal anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife populations requires integrating data on fine-scale individual behavior and physiology into spatially and temporally broader, population-level inference. A typical behavioral response to disturbance is the cessation of foraging, which can be translated into a common metric of energetic cost. However, this necessitates detailed empirical information on baseline movements, activity budgets, feeding rates and energy intake, as well as the probability of an individual responding to the disturbance-inducing stressor within different exposure contexts. Here, we integrated data from blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) experimentally exposed to military active sonar signals with fine-scale measurements of baseline behavior over multiple days or weeks obtained from accelerometry loggers, telemetry tracking and prey sampling. Specifically, we developed daily simulations of movement, feeding behavior and exposure to localized sonar events of increasing duration and intensity and predicted the effects of this disturbance source on the daily energy intake of an individual. Activity budgets and movements were highly variable in space and time and among individuals, resulting in large variability in predicted energetic intake and costs. In half of our simulations, an individual’s energy intake was unaffected by the simulated source. However, some individuals lost their entire daily energy intake under brief or weak exposure scenarios. Given this large variation, population-level models will have to assess the consequences of the entire distribution of energetic costs, rather than only consider single summary statistics. The shape of the exposure-response functions also strongly influenced predictions, reinforcing the need for contextually explicit experiments and improved mechanistic understanding of the processes driving behavioral and physiological responses to disturbance. This study presents a robust approach for integrating ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Balaenoptera musculus Oxford University Press Conservation Physiology 9 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Oxford University Press |
op_collection_id |
croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Assessing the long-term consequences of sub-lethal anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife populations requires integrating data on fine-scale individual behavior and physiology into spatially and temporally broader, population-level inference. A typical behavioral response to disturbance is the cessation of foraging, which can be translated into a common metric of energetic cost. However, this necessitates detailed empirical information on baseline movements, activity budgets, feeding rates and energy intake, as well as the probability of an individual responding to the disturbance-inducing stressor within different exposure contexts. Here, we integrated data from blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) experimentally exposed to military active sonar signals with fine-scale measurements of baseline behavior over multiple days or weeks obtained from accelerometry loggers, telemetry tracking and prey sampling. Specifically, we developed daily simulations of movement, feeding behavior and exposure to localized sonar events of increasing duration and intensity and predicted the effects of this disturbance source on the daily energy intake of an individual. Activity budgets and movements were highly variable in space and time and among individuals, resulting in large variability in predicted energetic intake and costs. In half of our simulations, an individual’s energy intake was unaffected by the simulated source. However, some individuals lost their entire daily energy intake under brief or weak exposure scenarios. Given this large variation, population-level models will have to assess the consequences of the entire distribution of energetic costs, rather than only consider single summary statistics. The shape of the exposure-response functions also strongly influenced predictions, reinforcing the need for contextually explicit experiments and improved mechanistic understanding of the processes driving behavioral and physiological responses to disturbance. This study presents a robust approach for integrating ... |
author2 |
Cooke, Steven ONR Defense University Research Instrumentation Program ONR Young Investigator Program National Science Foundation Office of Naval Research |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pirotta, Enrico Booth, Cormac G Cade, David E Calambokidis, John Costa, Daniel P Fahlbusch, James A Friedlaender, Ari S Goldbogen, Jeremy A Harwood, John Hazen, Elliott L New, Leslie Southall, Brandon L |
spellingShingle |
Pirotta, Enrico Booth, Cormac G Cade, David E Calambokidis, John Costa, Daniel P Fahlbusch, James A Friedlaender, Ari S Goldbogen, Jeremy A Harwood, John Hazen, Elliott L New, Leslie Southall, Brandon L Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
author_facet |
Pirotta, Enrico Booth, Cormac G Cade, David E Calambokidis, John Costa, Daniel P Fahlbusch, James A Friedlaender, Ari S Goldbogen, Jeremy A Harwood, John Hazen, Elliott L New, Leslie Southall, Brandon L |
author_sort |
Pirotta, Enrico |
title |
Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
title_short |
Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
title_full |
Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
title_fullStr |
Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
title_sort |
context-dependent variability in the predicted daily energetic costs of disturbance for blue whales |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa137 http://academic.oup.com/conphys/article-pdf/9/1/coaa137/35890808/coaa137.pdf |
genre |
Balaenoptera musculus |
genre_facet |
Balaenoptera musculus |
op_source |
Conservation Physiology volume 9, issue 1 ISSN 2051-1434 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa137 |
container_title |
Conservation Physiology |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1799477371528544256 |