The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey
Abstract Prey respond to predation risk by altering their morphology, physiology, and behavior, responses that may come at a cost to prey foraging and growth. However, their perception of risk may depend upon the environmental context in which the interaction occurs. Here, we examined how food avail...
Published in: | Behavioral Ecology |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press (OUP)
2023
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad074 https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-pdf/34/6/1036/53049050/arad074.pdf |
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/beheco/arad074 2024-09-15T18:41:40+00:00 The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey Sheriff, Michael J Mancini, Isabella Aguiar, Olivia K DiNuzzo, Eleanor R Maloney-Buckley, Sophia Sonnega, Sam Donelan, Sarah C Candolin, Ulrika International Women’s Fishing Association 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad074 https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-pdf/34/6/1036/53049050/arad074.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights Behavioral Ecology volume 34, issue 6, page 1036-1042 ISSN 1045-2249 1465-7279 journal-article 2023 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad074 2024-07-08T04:25:09Z Abstract Prey respond to predation risk by altering their morphology, physiology, and behavior, responses that may come at a cost to prey foraging and growth. However, their perception of risk may depend upon the environmental context in which the interaction occurs. Here, we examined how food availability influenced prey’s responses to a nonlethal but free-ranging predator. We used an experimental mesocosm set-up of an intertidal system of green crab (Carcinus maenas) predators and dogwhelk snail (Nucella lapillus) prey, with blue mussels as the basal resource. We measured individual Nucella risk-aversion behavior (summed value of their habitat use) and their growth throughout the 28-day experiment. We found that when Nucella were exposed to predation risk, they had greater risk-aversion behavior when food was available as compared to when food was not. We also found that risk-aversion behavior increased over time in all treatments but that individuals exposed to predation risk with food always had greater risk-aversion behavior. Nucella had significantly more growth when provided with food as compared to without. In treatments with food, snails exposed to predation risk had significantly reduced growth compared to those not exposed to risk. In treatments without food, predation risk had no effect on growth. Our results support the hypothesis that greater resource availability significantly increases individual risk responses and the costs of risk avoidance, thus food magnifies risk-induced non-consumptive effects. They provide insights into context-based predation risk effects and how individuals may prioritize safety versus foraging depending upon perceived risk, food availability, and the costs of responding. Article in Journal/Newspaper Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus Oxford University Press Behavioral Ecology |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Prey respond to predation risk by altering their morphology, physiology, and behavior, responses that may come at a cost to prey foraging and growth. However, their perception of risk may depend upon the environmental context in which the interaction occurs. Here, we examined how food availability influenced prey’s responses to a nonlethal but free-ranging predator. We used an experimental mesocosm set-up of an intertidal system of green crab (Carcinus maenas) predators and dogwhelk snail (Nucella lapillus) prey, with blue mussels as the basal resource. We measured individual Nucella risk-aversion behavior (summed value of their habitat use) and their growth throughout the 28-day experiment. We found that when Nucella were exposed to predation risk, they had greater risk-aversion behavior when food was available as compared to when food was not. We also found that risk-aversion behavior increased over time in all treatments but that individuals exposed to predation risk with food always had greater risk-aversion behavior. Nucella had significantly more growth when provided with food as compared to without. In treatments with food, snails exposed to predation risk had significantly reduced growth compared to those not exposed to risk. In treatments without food, predation risk had no effect on growth. Our results support the hypothesis that greater resource availability significantly increases individual risk responses and the costs of risk avoidance, thus food magnifies risk-induced non-consumptive effects. They provide insights into context-based predation risk effects and how individuals may prioritize safety versus foraging depending upon perceived risk, food availability, and the costs of responding. |
author2 |
Candolin, Ulrika International Women’s Fishing Association |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sheriff, Michael J Mancini, Isabella Aguiar, Olivia K DiNuzzo, Eleanor R Maloney-Buckley, Sophia Sonnega, Sam Donelan, Sarah C |
spellingShingle |
Sheriff, Michael J Mancini, Isabella Aguiar, Olivia K DiNuzzo, Eleanor R Maloney-Buckley, Sophia Sonnega, Sam Donelan, Sarah C The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
author_facet |
Sheriff, Michael J Mancini, Isabella Aguiar, Olivia K DiNuzzo, Eleanor R Maloney-Buckley, Sophia Sonnega, Sam Donelan, Sarah C |
author_sort |
Sheriff, Michael J |
title |
The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
title_short |
The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
title_full |
The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
title_fullStr |
The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
title_full_unstemmed |
The impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
title_sort |
impact of food availability on risk-induced trait responses in prey |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad074 https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-pdf/34/6/1036/53049050/arad074.pdf |
genre |
Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus |
genre_facet |
Dogwhelk Nucella lapillus |
op_source |
Behavioral Ecology volume 34, issue 6, page 1036-1042 ISSN 1045-2249 1465-7279 |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arad074 |
container_title |
Behavioral Ecology |
_version_ |
1810486056995258368 |