Iceland and European Integration
Iceland’s European policy is a puzzle. Iceland is deeply embedded in the European project despite its non-EU membership status. Iceland is a member of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA) (1970), the European Economic Area (EEA) (1994), and Schengen (2001). Moreover, Iceland applied for membership in...
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1035 2023-05-15T16:44:41+02:00 Iceland and European Integration Thorhallsson, Baldur 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1035 unknown Oxford University Press Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics reference-entry 2019 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1035 2022-09-02T09:25:18Z Iceland’s European policy is a puzzle. Iceland is deeply embedded in the European project despite its non-EU membership status. Iceland is a member of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA) (1970), the European Economic Area (EEA) (1994), and Schengen (2001). Moreover, Iceland applied for membership in the European Union (EU) in 2009. Nonetheless, the Icelandic political elite have been reluctant to partake in the European integration process. They have hesitated to take any moves toward closer engagement with Europe unless such a move is seen as necessary to deal with a crisis situation. Decisions to engage with the European project have not been made based on outright economic and political preferences. They have primarily been based on economic or political necessity at times when the country has faced a deep economic downturn or its close neighboring states have decided to take part in European integration. The country has essentially been forced to take part in the project in order to prevent crises from emerging or to cope with a current crisis situation. For instance, in 2009, Iceland unexpectedly applied for membership in the EU after the collapse of its economy nine months earlier. However, four years later, after a swift economic recovery and after Iceland having been “betrayed” by the EU in the so-called Ice-save dispute with the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, the accession process was put on hold. The EU was no longer seen as an economic and political savior. Iceland’s close relationships with its powerful neighboring states, the United States and the United Kingdom, have also had considerable influence on the country’s European policy. Iceland’s membership in the EFTA, the EEA, and Schengen was largely dictated by the Nordic states’ decisions to join the organizations and because of crisis situations their lack of membership would have meant for Iceland were it to be left out. Moreover, the decision by the United Kingdom to leave the Union has firmly frozen Iceland’s accession process and ... Book Part Iceland Oxford University Press (via Crossref) |
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Oxford University Press (via Crossref) |
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Iceland’s European policy is a puzzle. Iceland is deeply embedded in the European project despite its non-EU membership status. Iceland is a member of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA) (1970), the European Economic Area (EEA) (1994), and Schengen (2001). Moreover, Iceland applied for membership in the European Union (EU) in 2009. Nonetheless, the Icelandic political elite have been reluctant to partake in the European integration process. They have hesitated to take any moves toward closer engagement with Europe unless such a move is seen as necessary to deal with a crisis situation. Decisions to engage with the European project have not been made based on outright economic and political preferences. They have primarily been based on economic or political necessity at times when the country has faced a deep economic downturn or its close neighboring states have decided to take part in European integration. The country has essentially been forced to take part in the project in order to prevent crises from emerging or to cope with a current crisis situation. For instance, in 2009, Iceland unexpectedly applied for membership in the EU after the collapse of its economy nine months earlier. However, four years later, after a swift economic recovery and after Iceland having been “betrayed” by the EU in the so-called Ice-save dispute with the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, the accession process was put on hold. The EU was no longer seen as an economic and political savior. Iceland’s close relationships with its powerful neighboring states, the United States and the United Kingdom, have also had considerable influence on the country’s European policy. Iceland’s membership in the EFTA, the EEA, and Schengen was largely dictated by the Nordic states’ decisions to join the organizations and because of crisis situations their lack of membership would have meant for Iceland were it to be left out. Moreover, the decision by the United Kingdom to leave the Union has firmly frozen Iceland’s accession process and ... |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Thorhallsson, Baldur |
spellingShingle |
Thorhallsson, Baldur Iceland and European Integration |
author_facet |
Thorhallsson, Baldur |
author_sort |
Thorhallsson, Baldur |
title |
Iceland and European Integration |
title_short |
Iceland and European Integration |
title_full |
Iceland and European Integration |
title_fullStr |
Iceland and European Integration |
title_full_unstemmed |
Iceland and European Integration |
title_sort |
iceland and european integration |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1035 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_source |
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1035 |
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1766034945794375680 |