The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation
The fish fauna of the Baltic Sea reflects its 9 KY history of Arctic and temperate conditions and is a mixture of species that have invaded from the Atlantic and the continental watersheds. In spite of the challenging environmental conditions, such as low salinity in the entire Baltic Sea and varyin...
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croxfordunivpr:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.902 2024-10-13T14:05:19+00:00 The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation Svedäng, Henrik 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.902 en eng Oxford University Press Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science ISBN 9780190228620 reference-entry 2023 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.902 2024-09-17T04:32:07Z The fish fauna of the Baltic Sea reflects its 9 KY history of Arctic and temperate conditions and is a mixture of species that have invaded from the Atlantic and the continental watersheds. In spite of the challenging environmental conditions, such as low salinity in the entire Baltic Sea and varying temperature conditions, limiting the possibilities for successful reproduction, the number of species is comparably high. Except for the Baltic Ice Lake and certain stages of the cold Yoldia Sea and freshwater Ancylus Lake, the fish fauna of the Baltic Sea, as recorded by archaeological and historical notes, has to a large extent remained unchanged. Some freshwater and cold-water species such as Arctic char may have disappeared while others, such as fourhorned sculpin and eelpout, have adapted and persist as “ice age relicts.” There are few viable introductions of novel species; the round goby may be the most conspicuous invasive species. The extinction rate is still low; the loss of sturgeon and the common skate within the HELCOM (the Helsinki Commission) area is due to fishing, and, for the riverine sturgeon, due to damming. Since the formation of the Baltic Sea, fishing has played an essential role in supplying coastal settlements and their hinterlands and in trading. The archaeological and historical records have indicated fishing conducted with varying intensity using different methods. Herring fishing has been a significant economic driver from the Middle Ages onward. Recent archaeological findings indicate that organized fishing was established at the outer archipelagos along the present Swedish east coast on predominately herring and cod archipelagos for self-sufficiency shortly before or during the Viking Age, and later to engage in barter. The fact that the cod abundance has sometimes been sufficient for letting cod fishing be the most important fishery in the northern Baltic Proper alongside the fishery on herring may indicate that the eastern cod stock had relatively high productivity even when the ... Book Part Arctic Common skate Oxford University Press Arctic |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
The fish fauna of the Baltic Sea reflects its 9 KY history of Arctic and temperate conditions and is a mixture of species that have invaded from the Atlantic and the continental watersheds. In spite of the challenging environmental conditions, such as low salinity in the entire Baltic Sea and varying temperature conditions, limiting the possibilities for successful reproduction, the number of species is comparably high. Except for the Baltic Ice Lake and certain stages of the cold Yoldia Sea and freshwater Ancylus Lake, the fish fauna of the Baltic Sea, as recorded by archaeological and historical notes, has to a large extent remained unchanged. Some freshwater and cold-water species such as Arctic char may have disappeared while others, such as fourhorned sculpin and eelpout, have adapted and persist as “ice age relicts.” There are few viable introductions of novel species; the round goby may be the most conspicuous invasive species. The extinction rate is still low; the loss of sturgeon and the common skate within the HELCOM (the Helsinki Commission) area is due to fishing, and, for the riverine sturgeon, due to damming. Since the formation of the Baltic Sea, fishing has played an essential role in supplying coastal settlements and their hinterlands and in trading. The archaeological and historical records have indicated fishing conducted with varying intensity using different methods. Herring fishing has been a significant economic driver from the Middle Ages onward. Recent archaeological findings indicate that organized fishing was established at the outer archipelagos along the present Swedish east coast on predominately herring and cod archipelagos for self-sufficiency shortly before or during the Viking Age, and later to engage in barter. The fact that the cod abundance has sometimes been sufficient for letting cod fishing be the most important fishery in the northern Baltic Proper alongside the fishery on herring may indicate that the eastern cod stock had relatively high productivity even when the ... |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Svedäng, Henrik |
spellingShingle |
Svedäng, Henrik The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
author_facet |
Svedäng, Henrik |
author_sort |
Svedäng, Henrik |
title |
The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
title_short |
The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
title_full |
The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
title_fullStr |
The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Development of Fish Stocks and Fisheries in the Baltic Sea Since the Last Glaciation |
title_sort |
development of fish stocks and fisheries in the baltic sea since the last glaciation |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.902 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Common skate |
genre_facet |
Arctic Common skate |
op_source |
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science ISBN 9780190228620 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.902 |
_version_ |
1812811402001252352 |