Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil
Abstract The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which we hypothesize to affect the overall soil microbial community. We investigated changes in soil microorganisms at different temperatures during warming and fre...
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croxfordunivpr:10.1038/s41396-019-0351-x 2024-06-23T07:50:41+00:00 Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil Schostag, Morten Priemé, Anders Jacquiod, Samuel Russel, Jakob Ekelund, Flemming Jacobsen, Carsten Suhr Danmarks Grundforskningsfond Danmarks Grundforskningsfond 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0351-x http://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0351-x.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0351-x https://academic.oup.com/ismej/article-pdf/13/5/1345/55552701/41396_2019_article_351.pdf en eng Oxford University Press (OUP) https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights http://www.springer.com/tdm The ISME Journal volume 13, issue 5, page 1345-1359 ISSN 1751-7362 1751-7370 journal-article 2019 croxfordunivpr https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0351-x 2024-06-04T06:08:56Z Abstract The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which we hypothesize to affect the overall soil microbial community. We investigated changes in soil microorganisms at different temperatures during warming and freezing of the active layer soil from Svalbard, Norway. Soil community data were obtained by direct shotgun sequencing of total extracted RNA. No changes in soil microbial communities were detected when warming from −10 to −2 °C or when freezing from −2 to −10 °C. In contrast, within a few days we observed changes when warming from −2 to +2 °C with a decrease in fungal rRNA and an increase in several OTUs belonging to Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Betaproteobacteria. Even more substantial changes occurred when incubating at 2 °C for 16 days, with declines in total fungal potential activity and decreases in oligotrophic members from Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Additionally, we detected an increase in transcriptome sequences of bacterial phyla Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria—collectively presumed to be copiotrophic. Furthermore, we detected an increase in putative bacterivorous heterotrophic flagellates, likely due to predation upon the bacterial community via grazing. Although this grazing activity may explain relatively large changes in the bacterial community composition, no changes in total 16S rRNA gene copy number were observed and the total RNA level remained stable during the incubation. Together, these results are showing the first comprehensive ecological evaluation across prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities on thawing and freezing of soil by application of the TotalRNA technique. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Svalbard Oxford University Press Arctic Norway Svalbard The ISME Journal 13 5 1345 1359 |
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Open Polar |
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Oxford University Press |
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croxfordunivpr |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The active layer of soil overlaying permafrost in the Arctic is subjected to annual changes in temperature and soil chemistry, which we hypothesize to affect the overall soil microbial community. We investigated changes in soil microorganisms at different temperatures during warming and freezing of the active layer soil from Svalbard, Norway. Soil community data were obtained by direct shotgun sequencing of total extracted RNA. No changes in soil microbial communities were detected when warming from −10 to −2 °C or when freezing from −2 to −10 °C. In contrast, within a few days we observed changes when warming from −2 to +2 °C with a decrease in fungal rRNA and an increase in several OTUs belonging to Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Betaproteobacteria. Even more substantial changes occurred when incubating at 2 °C for 16 days, with declines in total fungal potential activity and decreases in oligotrophic members from Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Additionally, we detected an increase in transcriptome sequences of bacterial phyla Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria—collectively presumed to be copiotrophic. Furthermore, we detected an increase in putative bacterivorous heterotrophic flagellates, likely due to predation upon the bacterial community via grazing. Although this grazing activity may explain relatively large changes in the bacterial community composition, no changes in total 16S rRNA gene copy number were observed and the total RNA level remained stable during the incubation. Together, these results are showing the first comprehensive ecological evaluation across prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities on thawing and freezing of soil by application of the TotalRNA technique. |
author2 |
Danmarks Grundforskningsfond Danmarks Grundforskningsfond |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schostag, Morten Priemé, Anders Jacquiod, Samuel Russel, Jakob Ekelund, Flemming Jacobsen, Carsten Suhr |
spellingShingle |
Schostag, Morten Priemé, Anders Jacquiod, Samuel Russel, Jakob Ekelund, Flemming Jacobsen, Carsten Suhr Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
author_facet |
Schostag, Morten Priemé, Anders Jacquiod, Samuel Russel, Jakob Ekelund, Flemming Jacobsen, Carsten Suhr |
author_sort |
Schostag, Morten |
title |
Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
title_short |
Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
title_full |
Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
title_fullStr |
Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
title_sort |
bacterial and protozoan dynamics upon thawing and freezing of an active layer permafrost soil |
publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0351-x http://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0351-x.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-019-0351-x https://academic.oup.com/ismej/article-pdf/13/5/1345/55552701/41396_2019_article_351.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Norway Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost Svalbard |
op_source |
The ISME Journal volume 13, issue 5, page 1345-1359 ISSN 1751-7362 1751-7370 |
op_rights |
https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights http://www.springer.com/tdm |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0351-x |
container_title |
The ISME Journal |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1345 |
op_container_end_page |
1359 |
_version_ |
1802641597525917696 |