The indirect impact of heart rate variability on cold pressor pain tolerance and intensity through psychological distress in individuals with chronic pain: the Tromsø Study

Abstract Introduction: Chronic pain (CP) patients often display lower heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS), which are associated with increased evoked pain intensity and decreased pain tolerance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to test whether the association betw...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PAIN Reports
Main Authors: Paccione, Charles E., Bruehl, Stephen, My Diep, Lien, Rosseland, Leiv A., Stubhaug, Audun, Jacobsen, Henrik B.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) 2021
Subjects:
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Tromsø
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pr9.0000000000000970
https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/PR9.0000000000000970
Description
Summary:Abstract Introduction: Chronic pain (CP) patients often display lower heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS), which are associated with increased evoked pain intensity and decreased pain tolerance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to test whether the association between low levels of HRV and BRS and increased evoked pain responsiveness in individuals with CP is mediated by psychological distress and whether this mediation is sex dependent. Methods: The sample consisted of 877 participants in Wave 6 of the Tromsø population study who reported clinically meaningful CP. Resting HRV and BRS parameters were derived from continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings. Psychological distress was assessed using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10. After cardiovascular assessment, participants completed a 106-second cold pressor task (3°C bath), which assessed cold pressor pain intensity (CPI) and cold pressor pain tolerance (CPT). Results: In the full CP sample, mediation analyses showed significant indirect effects, without direct effects, of HRV and BRS on both CPT and CPI via psychological distress. When stratified by sex, significant indirect effects via psychological distress were only found in males for the impact of rMSSD on CPT, the impact of SDNN on CPT, and the impact of BRS on CPT via psychological distress. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that there were no significant sex differences in the indirect effects of HRV and BRS on both CPT and CPI via psychological distress. Conclusions: The hypoalgesic impact of cardiovascular regulatory systems on evoked pain responses is conveyed via the indirect effects of psychological distress.

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