A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India
Fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) are important vectors of plague and murine typhus in many parts of the world. Currently, about 2700 flea species were described in the world. The most common vector flea Xenopsylla cheopis is found throughout India, but X. astia , and X. brasiliensis are found less and...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 |
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crmedknow:10.4103/0972-9062.328977 2024-09-15T18:32:07+00:00 A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India Rajamannar, V Govindarajan, R Kumar, Ashwani Samuel, Philip P 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 en eng Medknow Journal of Vector Borne Diseases volume 59, issue 1, page 12-21 ISSN 0972-9062 journal-article 2022 crmedknow https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 2024-09-05T04:58:05Z Fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) are important vectors of plague and murine typhus in many parts of the world. Currently, about 2700 flea species were described in the world. The most common vector flea Xenopsylla cheopis is found throughout India, but X. astia , and X. brasiliensis are found less and limited in distribution associated with the domestic rats such as Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Mus musculus , and Bandicota bengalensis . Bubonic plague is a major flea-borne disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Yersinia pestis , transmitted from rats to humans via the rodent flea, X. cheopis . A major outbreak of plague and high mortality occurred in India. After 1966 with the 3 decadal intervals, plague cases occurred only during the year 1994 reported in 5 different states (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and New Delhi and subsequently plague cases occurred during 2002 and 2004 after the one-decade interval in Himachal Pradesh (2002). Another outbreak of bubonic plague was reported in Dangud village, Barkhot tehsil, Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand during October 2004. Ctenocephalides fleas are common in cats and dogs, which are the main vectors of bacteria rickettsiae, such as Rickettsia typhi, R. felis, R. conorii , and Bartonella henselae . Molecular and serological evidence also confirms the presence of R. typhi, R. conorii R. felis and B. henselae pathogens in cats and other fleas in India. Flea bites and flea-borne dermatitis are common in men and pet animals. Because of the re-emergence of the plague, updated information on fleas and flea-borne diseases are essential to control the flea vectors and flea-borne diseases in India. Hence, this comprehensive review updates the available information on fleas and fleas transmitted diseases in India. Article in Journal/Newspaper Rattus rattus Medknow Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 59 1 12 21 |
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English |
description |
Fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) are important vectors of plague and murine typhus in many parts of the world. Currently, about 2700 flea species were described in the world. The most common vector flea Xenopsylla cheopis is found throughout India, but X. astia , and X. brasiliensis are found less and limited in distribution associated with the domestic rats such as Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Mus musculus , and Bandicota bengalensis . Bubonic plague is a major flea-borne disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Yersinia pestis , transmitted from rats to humans via the rodent flea, X. cheopis . A major outbreak of plague and high mortality occurred in India. After 1966 with the 3 decadal intervals, plague cases occurred only during the year 1994 reported in 5 different states (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and New Delhi and subsequently plague cases occurred during 2002 and 2004 after the one-decade interval in Himachal Pradesh (2002). Another outbreak of bubonic plague was reported in Dangud village, Barkhot tehsil, Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand during October 2004. Ctenocephalides fleas are common in cats and dogs, which are the main vectors of bacteria rickettsiae, such as Rickettsia typhi, R. felis, R. conorii , and Bartonella henselae . Molecular and serological evidence also confirms the presence of R. typhi, R. conorii R. felis and B. henselae pathogens in cats and other fleas in India. Flea bites and flea-borne dermatitis are common in men and pet animals. Because of the re-emergence of the plague, updated information on fleas and flea-borne diseases are essential to control the flea vectors and flea-borne diseases in India. Hence, this comprehensive review updates the available information on fleas and fleas transmitted diseases in India. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rajamannar, V Govindarajan, R Kumar, Ashwani Samuel, Philip P |
spellingShingle |
Rajamannar, V Govindarajan, R Kumar, Ashwani Samuel, Philip P A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
author_facet |
Rajamannar, V Govindarajan, R Kumar, Ashwani Samuel, Philip P |
author_sort |
Rajamannar, V |
title |
A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
title_short |
A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
title_full |
A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
title_fullStr |
A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
title_full_unstemmed |
A review of public health important fleas (Insecta, Siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in India |
title_sort |
review of public health important fleas (insecta, siphonaptera) and flea-borne diseases in india |
publisher |
Medknow |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 |
genre |
Rattus rattus |
genre_facet |
Rattus rattus |
op_source |
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases volume 59, issue 1, page 12-21 ISSN 0972-9062 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.328977 |
container_title |
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases |
container_volume |
59 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
12 |
op_container_end_page |
21 |
_version_ |
1810473872174088192 |