Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015
Objectives There is a shift in the smoking population from daily smokers to light or occasional smokers. The knowledge about possible adverse health effects of this new smoking pattern is limited. We investigated smoking habits with focus on occasional smoking in relation to total mortality in a fol...
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crjcrbmj:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 2024-06-23T07:57:13+00:00 Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 Løchen, Maja-Lisa Gram, Inger Torhild Mannsverk, Jan Mathiesen, Ellisiv B Njølstad, Inger Schirmer, Henrik Wilsgaard, Tom Jacobsen, Bjarne K 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 en eng BMJ BMJ Open volume 7, issue 12, page e019107 ISSN 2044-6055 2044-6055 journal-article 2017 crjcrbmj https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 2024-05-24T13:16:19Z Objectives There is a shift in the smoking population from daily smokers to light or occasional smokers. The knowledge about possible adverse health effects of this new smoking pattern is limited. We investigated smoking habits with focus on occasional smoking in relation to total mortality in a follow-up study of a Norwegian general population. Setting A population study in Tromsø, Norway. Methods We collected smoking habits and relevant risk factors in 4020 women and 3033 men aged 30–89 years in the Tromsø Study in 2001. The subjects were followed up regarding total mortality through June 2015. Results Among the participants, there were 7% occasional smokers. Occasional smokers were younger, more educated and used alcohol more frequently than other participants. A total of 766 women and 882 men died during the follow-up. After the adjustment for confounders, we found that occasional smoking significantly increased mortality by 38% (95% CI 8% to 76%) compared with never smokers. We report a dose–response relationship in the hazards of smoking (daily, occasional, former and never smoking). Conclusions Occasional smoking is not a safe smoking alternative. There is a need for information to the general public and health workers about the health hazards of occasional smoking. More work should be done to motivate this often well-educated group to quit smoking completely. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø The BMJ Norway Tromsø BMJ Open 7 12 e019107 |
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Objectives There is a shift in the smoking population from daily smokers to light or occasional smokers. The knowledge about possible adverse health effects of this new smoking pattern is limited. We investigated smoking habits with focus on occasional smoking in relation to total mortality in a follow-up study of a Norwegian general population. Setting A population study in Tromsø, Norway. Methods We collected smoking habits and relevant risk factors in 4020 women and 3033 men aged 30–89 years in the Tromsø Study in 2001. The subjects were followed up regarding total mortality through June 2015. Results Among the participants, there were 7% occasional smokers. Occasional smokers were younger, more educated and used alcohol more frequently than other participants. A total of 766 women and 882 men died during the follow-up. After the adjustment for confounders, we found that occasional smoking significantly increased mortality by 38% (95% CI 8% to 76%) compared with never smokers. We report a dose–response relationship in the hazards of smoking (daily, occasional, former and never smoking). Conclusions Occasional smoking is not a safe smoking alternative. There is a need for information to the general public and health workers about the health hazards of occasional smoking. More work should be done to motivate this often well-educated group to quit smoking completely. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Løchen, Maja-Lisa Gram, Inger Torhild Mannsverk, Jan Mathiesen, Ellisiv B Njølstad, Inger Schirmer, Henrik Wilsgaard, Tom Jacobsen, Bjarne K |
spellingShingle |
Løchen, Maja-Lisa Gram, Inger Torhild Mannsverk, Jan Mathiesen, Ellisiv B Njølstad, Inger Schirmer, Henrik Wilsgaard, Tom Jacobsen, Bjarne K Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
author_facet |
Løchen, Maja-Lisa Gram, Inger Torhild Mannsverk, Jan Mathiesen, Ellisiv B Njølstad, Inger Schirmer, Henrik Wilsgaard, Tom Jacobsen, Bjarne K |
author_sort |
Løchen, Maja-Lisa |
title |
Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
title_short |
Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
title_full |
Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
title_fullStr |
Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based Tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
title_sort |
association of occasional smoking with total mortality in the population-based tromsø study, 2001–2015 |
publisher |
BMJ |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 |
geographic |
Norway Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Norway Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
BMJ Open volume 7, issue 12, page e019107 ISSN 2044-6055 2044-6055 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019107 |
container_title |
BMJ Open |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e019107 |
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1802650758237126656 |