The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs
Abstract Meeting the net-zero carbon emissions commitments of major economies by mid-century requires large-scale deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs). Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering on croplands (ERW) is a NET with co-benefits for agriculture, soils and ocean acidification that...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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crioppubl:10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 2024-06-23T07:55:50+00:00 The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs Vakilifard, Negar Kantzas, Euripides P Edwards, Neil R Holden, Philip B Beerling, David J the Leverhulme Trust 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818/pdf unknown IOP Publishing http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://iopscience.iop.org/info/page/text-and-data-mining Environmental Research Letters volume 16, issue 9, page 094005 ISSN 1748-9326 journal-article 2021 crioppubl https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 2024-06-03T08:14:51Z Abstract Meeting the net-zero carbon emissions commitments of major economies by mid-century requires large-scale deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs). Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering on croplands (ERW) is a NET with co-benefits for agriculture, soils and ocean acidification that creates opportunities for generating income unaffected by diminishing carbon taxes as emissions approach net-zero. Here we show that ERW deployment with croplands to deliver net 2 Gt CO 2 yr −1 removal approximately doubles the probability of meeting the Paris 1.5 °C target at 2100 from 23% to 42% in a high mitigation Representative Concentration Pathway 2.6 baseline climate. Carbon removal via carbon capture and storage (CCS) at the same rate had an equivalent effect. Co-deployment of ERW and CCS tripled the chances of meeting a 1.5 °C target (from 23% to 67%), and may be sufficient to reverse about one third of the surface ocean acidification effect caused by increases in atmospheric CO 2 over the past 200 years. ERW increased the percentage of coral reefs above an aragonite saturation threshold of 3.5 from 16% to 39% at 2100, higher than CCS, highlighting a co-benefit for marine calcifying ecosystems. However, the degree of ocean state recovery in our simulations is highly uncertain and ERW deployment cannot substitute for near-term rapid CO 2 emissions reductions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification IOP Publishing Environmental Research Letters 16 9 094005 |
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Abstract Meeting the net-zero carbon emissions commitments of major economies by mid-century requires large-scale deployment of negative emission technologies (NETs). Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering on croplands (ERW) is a NET with co-benefits for agriculture, soils and ocean acidification that creates opportunities for generating income unaffected by diminishing carbon taxes as emissions approach net-zero. Here we show that ERW deployment with croplands to deliver net 2 Gt CO 2 yr −1 removal approximately doubles the probability of meeting the Paris 1.5 °C target at 2100 from 23% to 42% in a high mitigation Representative Concentration Pathway 2.6 baseline climate. Carbon removal via carbon capture and storage (CCS) at the same rate had an equivalent effect. Co-deployment of ERW and CCS tripled the chances of meeting a 1.5 °C target (from 23% to 67%), and may be sufficient to reverse about one third of the surface ocean acidification effect caused by increases in atmospheric CO 2 over the past 200 years. ERW increased the percentage of coral reefs above an aragonite saturation threshold of 3.5 from 16% to 39% at 2100, higher than CCS, highlighting a co-benefit for marine calcifying ecosystems. However, the degree of ocean state recovery in our simulations is highly uncertain and ERW deployment cannot substitute for near-term rapid CO 2 emissions reductions. |
author2 |
the Leverhulme Trust |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vakilifard, Negar Kantzas, Euripides P Edwards, Neil R Holden, Philip B Beerling, David J |
spellingShingle |
Vakilifard, Negar Kantzas, Euripides P Edwards, Neil R Holden, Philip B Beerling, David J The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
author_facet |
Vakilifard, Negar Kantzas, Euripides P Edwards, Neil R Holden, Philip B Beerling, David J |
author_sort |
Vakilifard, Negar |
title |
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
title_short |
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
title_full |
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
title_fullStr |
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
title_full_unstemmed |
The role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
title_sort |
role of enhanced rock weathering deployment with agriculture in limiting future warming and protecting coral reefs |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818/pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters volume 16, issue 9, page 094005 ISSN 1748-9326 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://iopscience.iop.org/info/page/text-and-data-mining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1818 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
094005 |
_version_ |
1802648556010471424 |