Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015
Abstract Despite the backdrop of continuous global warming, sea ice extent has been found not to consistently decrease across the globe, and instead exhibit heterogeneous variability at middle to high latitudes. However, the existing studies are focused primarily on high latitude frozen seas, while...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116/pdf https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 |
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crioppubl:10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 2024-06-02T08:02:38+00:00 Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 Yan, Yu Shao, Dongdong Gu, Wei Liu, Chengyu Li, Qian Chao, Jinlong Tao, Jun Xu, Yingjun National Natural Science Foundation of China Project supported by State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116/pdf https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 unknown IOP Publishing http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ https://iopscience.iop.org/info/page/text-and-data-mining Environmental Research Letters volume 12, issue 9, page 094014 ISSN 1748-9326 journal-article 2017 crioppubl https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 2024-05-07T13:57:16Z Abstract Despite the backdrop of continuous global warming, sea ice extent has been found not to consistently decrease across the globe, and instead exhibit heterogeneous variability at middle to high latitudes. However, the existing studies are focused primarily on high latitude frozen seas, while studies on the long-term variability of sea ice cover at middle latitudes are generally lacking. Afforded by continuous satellite imagery, evolution of sea ice cover over nearly three decades from 1988 to 2015 in the Bohai Sea as a peculiar mid-latitude frozen sea area is reported for the first time. An anomalous trend of slight overall increase of 1.38 ± 1.00% yr –1 ( R = 1.38, i.e. at a statistical significance of 80%) in Bohai Sea ice extent was observed over the 28 year period. The detrended annual average ice area (AAIA) was further found to correlate with a slight decreasing mean ice-period average temperature (IAT, r = –0.58, p < 0.01) of 11 meteorological stations around the Bohai Sea as well as a mild increasing cumulative freezing degree days ( CFDD , r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Correlation with decreasing Arctic Oscillation (AO) index ( r = –0.60, p < 0.01) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index ( r = –0.69, p < 0.01) over the study period suggested AO and NAO as the primary large-scale climate factors for Bohai Sea ice. In addition, the seasonal cycle of ice cover showed a single peak with longer freezing phase than melting phase, due to the different temperature change rate during the freezing and melting phases. The results can provide important references for monitoring the recent climate change in the region and beyond. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice IOP Publishing Arctic Environmental Research Letters 12 9 094014 |
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IOP Publishing |
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Abstract Despite the backdrop of continuous global warming, sea ice extent has been found not to consistently decrease across the globe, and instead exhibit heterogeneous variability at middle to high latitudes. However, the existing studies are focused primarily on high latitude frozen seas, while studies on the long-term variability of sea ice cover at middle latitudes are generally lacking. Afforded by continuous satellite imagery, evolution of sea ice cover over nearly three decades from 1988 to 2015 in the Bohai Sea as a peculiar mid-latitude frozen sea area is reported for the first time. An anomalous trend of slight overall increase of 1.38 ± 1.00% yr –1 ( R = 1.38, i.e. at a statistical significance of 80%) in Bohai Sea ice extent was observed over the 28 year period. The detrended annual average ice area (AAIA) was further found to correlate with a slight decreasing mean ice-period average temperature (IAT, r = –0.58, p < 0.01) of 11 meteorological stations around the Bohai Sea as well as a mild increasing cumulative freezing degree days ( CFDD , r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Correlation with decreasing Arctic Oscillation (AO) index ( r = –0.60, p < 0.01) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index ( r = –0.69, p < 0.01) over the study period suggested AO and NAO as the primary large-scale climate factors for Bohai Sea ice. In addition, the seasonal cycle of ice cover showed a single peak with longer freezing phase than melting phase, due to the different temperature change rate during the freezing and melting phases. The results can provide important references for monitoring the recent climate change in the region and beyond. |
author2 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China Project supported by State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yan, Yu Shao, Dongdong Gu, Wei Liu, Chengyu Li, Qian Chao, Jinlong Tao, Jun Xu, Yingjun |
spellingShingle |
Yan, Yu Shao, Dongdong Gu, Wei Liu, Chengyu Li, Qian Chao, Jinlong Tao, Jun Xu, Yingjun Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
author_facet |
Yan, Yu Shao, Dongdong Gu, Wei Liu, Chengyu Li, Qian Chao, Jinlong Tao, Jun Xu, Yingjun |
author_sort |
Yan, Yu |
title |
Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
title_short |
Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
title_full |
Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
title_fullStr |
Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multidecadal anomalies of Bohai Sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
title_sort |
multidecadal anomalies of bohai sea ice cover and potential climate driving factors during 1988–2015 |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116/pdf https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters volume 12, issue 9, page 094014 ISSN 1748-9326 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ https://iopscience.iop.org/info/page/text-and-data-mining |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8116 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
094014 |
_version_ |
1800747113544417280 |