Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts
Microorganisms have evolved to colonize all biospheres, including extremely cold environments, facing several stressor conditions, mainly low/freezing temperatures. In general, terms, the strategies developed by cold-adapted microorganisms include the synthesis of cryoprotectant and stress-protectan...
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536 2024-09-15T17:47:56+00:00 Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts Baeza, Marcelo Zú�iga, Sergio Peragallo, Vicente Gutierrez, Fernando Barahona, Salvador Alcaino, Jennifer Cifuentes, Víctor 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Microbiology volume 13 ISSN 1664-302X journal-article 2022 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536 2024-08-06T04:05:29Z Microorganisms have evolved to colonize all biospheres, including extremely cold environments, facing several stressor conditions, mainly low/freezing temperatures. In general, terms, the strategies developed by cold-adapted microorganisms include the synthesis of cryoprotectant and stress-protectant molecules, cold-active proteins, especially enzymes, and membrane fluidity regulation. The strategy could differ among microorganisms and concerns the characteristics of the cold environment of the microorganism, such as seasonal temperature changes. Microorganisms can develop strategies to grow efficiently at low temperatures or tolerate them and grow under favorable conditions. These differences can be found among the same kind of microorganisms and from the same cold habitat. In this work, eight cold-adapted yeasts isolated from King George Island, subAntarctic region, which differ in their growth properties, were studied about their response to low temperatures at the transcriptomic level. Sixteen ORFeomes were assembled and used for gene prediction and functional annotation, determination of gene expression changes, protein flexibilities of translated genes, and codon usage bias. Putative genes related to the response to all main kinds of stress were found. The total number of differentially expressed genes was related to the temperature variation that each yeast faced. The findings from multiple comparative analyses among yeasts based on gene expression changes and protein flexibility by cellular functions and codon usage bias raise significant differences in response to cold among the studied Antarctic yeasts. The way a yeast responds to temperature change appears to be more related to its optimal temperature for growth (OTG) than growth velocity. Yeasts with higher OTG prepare to downregulate their metabolism to enter the dormancy stage. In comparison, yeasts with lower OTG perform minor adjustments to make their metabolism adequate and maintain their growth at lower temperatures. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic King George Island Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Microbiology 13 |
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Microorganisms have evolved to colonize all biospheres, including extremely cold environments, facing several stressor conditions, mainly low/freezing temperatures. In general, terms, the strategies developed by cold-adapted microorganisms include the synthesis of cryoprotectant and stress-protectant molecules, cold-active proteins, especially enzymes, and membrane fluidity regulation. The strategy could differ among microorganisms and concerns the characteristics of the cold environment of the microorganism, such as seasonal temperature changes. Microorganisms can develop strategies to grow efficiently at low temperatures or tolerate them and grow under favorable conditions. These differences can be found among the same kind of microorganisms and from the same cold habitat. In this work, eight cold-adapted yeasts isolated from King George Island, subAntarctic region, which differ in their growth properties, were studied about their response to low temperatures at the transcriptomic level. Sixteen ORFeomes were assembled and used for gene prediction and functional annotation, determination of gene expression changes, protein flexibilities of translated genes, and codon usage bias. Putative genes related to the response to all main kinds of stress were found. The total number of differentially expressed genes was related to the temperature variation that each yeast faced. The findings from multiple comparative analyses among yeasts based on gene expression changes and protein flexibility by cellular functions and codon usage bias raise significant differences in response to cold among the studied Antarctic yeasts. The way a yeast responds to temperature change appears to be more related to its optimal temperature for growth (OTG) than growth velocity. Yeasts with higher OTG prepare to downregulate their metabolism to enter the dormancy stage. In comparison, yeasts with lower OTG perform minor adjustments to make their metabolism adequate and maintain their growth at lower temperatures. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Baeza, Marcelo Zú�iga, Sergio Peragallo, Vicente Gutierrez, Fernando Barahona, Salvador Alcaino, Jennifer Cifuentes, Víctor |
spellingShingle |
Baeza, Marcelo Zú�iga, Sergio Peragallo, Vicente Gutierrez, Fernando Barahona, Salvador Alcaino, Jennifer Cifuentes, Víctor Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
author_facet |
Baeza, Marcelo Zú�iga, Sergio Peragallo, Vicente Gutierrez, Fernando Barahona, Salvador Alcaino, Jennifer Cifuentes, Víctor |
author_sort |
Baeza, Marcelo |
title |
Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
title_short |
Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
title_full |
Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
title_fullStr |
Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response to Cold: A Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis in Eight Cold-Adapted Yeasts |
title_sort |
response to cold: a comparative transcriptomic analysis in eight cold-adapted yeasts |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536/full |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic King George Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic King George Island |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology volume 13 ISSN 1664-302X |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.828536 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
13 |
_version_ |
1810497649682415616 |