Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism
Species of genus Shewanella are among the most frequently identified psychrotrophic bacteria. Here, we have studied the cellular properties, growth dynamics, and stress conditions of cold-active Shewanella strain #4, which was previously isolated from Baltic Sea ice. The cells are rod-shaped of ~2μm...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Frontiers Media SA
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641/full |
id |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 2024-09-30T14:43:08+00:00 Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism Qasim, Muhammad Suleman Lampi, Mirka Heinonen, Minna-Maria K. Garrido-Zabala, Berta Bamford, Dennis H. Käkelä, Reijo Roine, Elina Sarin, Leif Peter 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Microbiology volume 12 ISSN 1664-302X journal-article 2021 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 2024-09-03T04:04:36Z Species of genus Shewanella are among the most frequently identified psychrotrophic bacteria. Here, we have studied the cellular properties, growth dynamics, and stress conditions of cold-active Shewanella strain #4, which was previously isolated from Baltic Sea ice. The cells are rod-shaped of ~2μm in length and 0.5μm in diameter, and they grow between 0 and 25°C, with an optimum at 15°C. The bacterium grows at a wide range of conditions, including 0.5–5.5% w/v NaCl (optimum 0.5–2% w/v NaCl), pH 5.5–10 (optimum pH 7.0), and up to 1mM hydrogen peroxide. In keeping with its adaptation to cold habitats, some polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as stearidonic acid (18:4n-3), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3), and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), are produced at a higher level at low temperature. The genome is 4,456kb in size and has a GC content of 41.12%. Uniquely, strain #4 possesses genes for sialic acid metabolism and utilizes N -acetyl neuraminic acid as a carbon source. Interestingly, it also encodes for cytochrome c3 genes, which are known to facilitate environmental adaptation, including elevated temperatures and exposure to UV radiation. Phylogenetic analysis based on a consensus sequence of the seven 16S rRNA genes indicated that strain #4 belongs to genus Shewanella , closely associated with Shewanella aestuarii with a ~97% similarity, but with a low DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) level of ~21%. However, average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis defines strain #4 as a separate Shewanella species (ANI score=76). Further phylogenetic analysis based on the 92 most conserved genes places Shewanella strain #4 into a distinct phylogenetic clade with other cold-active marine Shewanella species. Considering the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and molecular characterization, we conclude that Shewanella strain #4 is a novel species and name it Shewanella glacialimarina sp. nov. TZS-4 T , where glacialimarina means sea ice. Consequently, S. glacialimarina TZS-4 T constitutes a promising model for studying transcriptional and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Microbiology 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers (Publisher) |
op_collection_id |
crfrontiers |
language |
unknown |
description |
Species of genus Shewanella are among the most frequently identified psychrotrophic bacteria. Here, we have studied the cellular properties, growth dynamics, and stress conditions of cold-active Shewanella strain #4, which was previously isolated from Baltic Sea ice. The cells are rod-shaped of ~2μm in length and 0.5μm in diameter, and they grow between 0 and 25°C, with an optimum at 15°C. The bacterium grows at a wide range of conditions, including 0.5–5.5% w/v NaCl (optimum 0.5–2% w/v NaCl), pH 5.5–10 (optimum pH 7.0), and up to 1mM hydrogen peroxide. In keeping with its adaptation to cold habitats, some polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as stearidonic acid (18:4n-3), eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3), and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), are produced at a higher level at low temperature. The genome is 4,456kb in size and has a GC content of 41.12%. Uniquely, strain #4 possesses genes for sialic acid metabolism and utilizes N -acetyl neuraminic acid as a carbon source. Interestingly, it also encodes for cytochrome c3 genes, which are known to facilitate environmental adaptation, including elevated temperatures and exposure to UV radiation. Phylogenetic analysis based on a consensus sequence of the seven 16S rRNA genes indicated that strain #4 belongs to genus Shewanella , closely associated with Shewanella aestuarii with a ~97% similarity, but with a low DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) level of ~21%. However, average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis defines strain #4 as a separate Shewanella species (ANI score=76). Further phylogenetic analysis based on the 92 most conserved genes places Shewanella strain #4 into a distinct phylogenetic clade with other cold-active marine Shewanella species. Considering the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and molecular characterization, we conclude that Shewanella strain #4 is a novel species and name it Shewanella glacialimarina sp. nov. TZS-4 T , where glacialimarina means sea ice. Consequently, S. glacialimarina TZS-4 T constitutes a promising model for studying transcriptional and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Qasim, Muhammad Suleman Lampi, Mirka Heinonen, Minna-Maria K. Garrido-Zabala, Berta Bamford, Dennis H. Käkelä, Reijo Roine, Elina Sarin, Leif Peter |
spellingShingle |
Qasim, Muhammad Suleman Lampi, Mirka Heinonen, Minna-Maria K. Garrido-Zabala, Berta Bamford, Dennis H. Käkelä, Reijo Roine, Elina Sarin, Leif Peter Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
author_facet |
Qasim, Muhammad Suleman Lampi, Mirka Heinonen, Minna-Maria K. Garrido-Zabala, Berta Bamford, Dennis H. Käkelä, Reijo Roine, Elina Sarin, Leif Peter |
author_sort |
Qasim, Muhammad Suleman |
title |
Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
title_short |
Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
title_full |
Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
title_fullStr |
Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cold-Active Shewanella glacialimarina TZS-4T nov. Features a Temperature-Dependent Fatty Acid Profile and Putative Sialic Acid Metabolism |
title_sort |
cold-active shewanella glacialimarina tzs-4t nov. features a temperature-dependent fatty acid profile and putative sialic acid metabolism |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641/full |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology volume 12 ISSN 1664-302X |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737641 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
12 |
_version_ |
1811645070137360384 |