Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region
Ice-free areas represent less than 1% of the Antarctic surface. However, climate change models predict a significant increase in temperatures in the coming decades, triggering a relevant reduction of the ice-covered surface. Microorganisms, adapted to the extreme and fluctuating conditions, are the...
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792 2024-05-19T07:29:47+00:00 Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region Almela, Pablo Justel, Ana Quesada, Antonio 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Microbiology volume 12 ISSN 1664-302X journal-article 2021 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792 2024-04-24T07:12:08Z Ice-free areas represent less than 1% of the Antarctic surface. However, climate change models predict a significant increase in temperatures in the coming decades, triggering a relevant reduction of the ice-covered surface. Microorganisms, adapted to the extreme and fluctuating conditions, are the dominant biota. In this article we analyze the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in 52 soil samples on three scales: (i) fine scale, where we compare the differences in the microbial community between top-stratum soils (0–2 cm) and deeper-stratum soils (5–10 cm) at the same sampling point; (ii) medium scale, in which we compare the composition of the microbial community of top-stratum soils from different sampling points within the same sampling location; and (iii) coarse scale, where we compare communities between comparable ecosystems located hundreds of kilometers apart along the Antarctic Peninsula. The results suggest that in ice-free soils exposed for longer periods of time (millennia) microbial communities are significantly different along the soil profiles. However, in recently (decades) deglaciated soils the communities are not different along the soil profile. Furthermore, the microbial communities found in soils at the different sampling locations show a high degree of heterogeneity, with a relevant proportion of unique amplicon sequence variants (ASV) that appeared mainly in low abundance, and only at a single sampling location. The Core90 community, defined as the ASVs shared by 90% of the soils from the 4 sampling locations, was composed of 26 ASVs, representing a small percentage of the total sequences. Nevertheless, the taxonomic composition of the Core80 (ASVs shared by 80% of sampling points per location) of the different sampling locations, was very similar, as they were mostly defined by 20 common taxa, representing up to 75.7% of the sequences of the Core80 communities, suggesting a greater homogeneity of soil bacterial taxa among distant locations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Microbiology 12 |
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Ice-free areas represent less than 1% of the Antarctic surface. However, climate change models predict a significant increase in temperatures in the coming decades, triggering a relevant reduction of the ice-covered surface. Microorganisms, adapted to the extreme and fluctuating conditions, are the dominant biota. In this article we analyze the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in 52 soil samples on three scales: (i) fine scale, where we compare the differences in the microbial community between top-stratum soils (0–2 cm) and deeper-stratum soils (5–10 cm) at the same sampling point; (ii) medium scale, in which we compare the composition of the microbial community of top-stratum soils from different sampling points within the same sampling location; and (iii) coarse scale, where we compare communities between comparable ecosystems located hundreds of kilometers apart along the Antarctic Peninsula. The results suggest that in ice-free soils exposed for longer periods of time (millennia) microbial communities are significantly different along the soil profiles. However, in recently (decades) deglaciated soils the communities are not different along the soil profile. Furthermore, the microbial communities found in soils at the different sampling locations show a high degree of heterogeneity, with a relevant proportion of unique amplicon sequence variants (ASV) that appeared mainly in low abundance, and only at a single sampling location. The Core90 community, defined as the ASVs shared by 90% of the soils from the 4 sampling locations, was composed of 26 ASVs, representing a small percentage of the total sequences. Nevertheless, the taxonomic composition of the Core80 (ASVs shared by 80% of sampling points per location) of the different sampling locations, was very similar, as they were mostly defined by 20 common taxa, representing up to 75.7% of the sequences of the Core80 communities, suggesting a greater homogeneity of soil bacterial taxa among distant locations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Almela, Pablo Justel, Ana Quesada, Antonio |
spellingShingle |
Almela, Pablo Justel, Ana Quesada, Antonio Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
author_facet |
Almela, Pablo Justel, Ana Quesada, Antonio |
author_sort |
Almela, Pablo |
title |
Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
title_short |
Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
title_full |
Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
title_fullStr |
Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heterogeneity of Microbial Communities in Soils From the Antarctic Peninsula Region |
title_sort |
heterogeneity of microbial communities in soils from the antarctic peninsula region |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792/full |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology volume 12 ISSN 1664-302X |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.628792 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
12 |
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1799481393561993216 |