Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea
Introduction In temperate regions, one of the most critical determinants of present range-wide genetic diversity was the Pleistocene climate oscillations, the most recent one created by the last glacial maximum (LGM). This study aimed to describe N. luetkeana genetic structure across its entire rang...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Frontiers Media SA
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905/full |
id |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 2024-09-15T18:31:35+00:00 Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea Gierke, Lily Coelho, Nelson C. Khangaonkar, Tarang Mumford, Tom Alberto, Filipe 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Marine Science volume 10 ISSN 2296-7745 journal-article 2023 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 2024-09-03T04:04:26Z Introduction In temperate regions, one of the most critical determinants of present range-wide genetic diversity was the Pleistocene climate oscillations, the most recent one created by the last glacial maximum (LGM). This study aimed to describe N. luetkeana genetic structure across its entire range (Alaska to California) and test different models of population connectivity within the Salish Sea. This region was colonized after the LGM and has been under increased disturbance in recent decades. Methods We utilized microsatellite markers to study N. luetkeana genetic diversity at 53 sites across its range. Using higher sampling density in the Salish Sea, we employed a seascape genetics approach and tested isolation by hydrodynamic transport and environment models. Results At the species distribution scale, we found four main groups of genetic co-ancestry, Alaska; Washington with Vancouver Island’s outer coast and Juan de Fuca Strait; Washington’s inner Salish Sea; and Oregon with California. The highest allelic richness (AR) levels were found in California, near the trailing range edge, although AR was also high in Alaska. The inner Salish Sea region had the poorest diversity across the species distribution. Nevertheless, a pattern of isolation by hydrodynamic transport and environment was supported in this region. Discussion The levels of allelic, private allele richness and genetic differentiation suggest that during the LGM, bull kelp had both northern and southern glacial refugia in the Prince of Wales Island-Haida Gwaii region and Central California, respectively. Genetic diversity in Northern California sites seems resilient to recent disturbances, whereas the low levels of genetic diversity in the inner Salish Sea are concerning. Article in Journal/Newspaper Prince of Wales Island Alaska Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Marine Science 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers (Publisher) |
op_collection_id |
crfrontiers |
language |
unknown |
description |
Introduction In temperate regions, one of the most critical determinants of present range-wide genetic diversity was the Pleistocene climate oscillations, the most recent one created by the last glacial maximum (LGM). This study aimed to describe N. luetkeana genetic structure across its entire range (Alaska to California) and test different models of population connectivity within the Salish Sea. This region was colonized after the LGM and has been under increased disturbance in recent decades. Methods We utilized microsatellite markers to study N. luetkeana genetic diversity at 53 sites across its range. Using higher sampling density in the Salish Sea, we employed a seascape genetics approach and tested isolation by hydrodynamic transport and environment models. Results At the species distribution scale, we found four main groups of genetic co-ancestry, Alaska; Washington with Vancouver Island’s outer coast and Juan de Fuca Strait; Washington’s inner Salish Sea; and Oregon with California. The highest allelic richness (AR) levels were found in California, near the trailing range edge, although AR was also high in Alaska. The inner Salish Sea region had the poorest diversity across the species distribution. Nevertheless, a pattern of isolation by hydrodynamic transport and environment was supported in this region. Discussion The levels of allelic, private allele richness and genetic differentiation suggest that during the LGM, bull kelp had both northern and southern glacial refugia in the Prince of Wales Island-Haida Gwaii region and Central California, respectively. Genetic diversity in Northern California sites seems resilient to recent disturbances, whereas the low levels of genetic diversity in the inner Salish Sea are concerning. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gierke, Lily Coelho, Nelson C. Khangaonkar, Tarang Mumford, Tom Alberto, Filipe |
spellingShingle |
Gierke, Lily Coelho, Nelson C. Khangaonkar, Tarang Mumford, Tom Alberto, Filipe Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
author_facet |
Gierke, Lily Coelho, Nelson C. Khangaonkar, Tarang Mumford, Tom Alberto, Filipe |
author_sort |
Gierke, Lily |
title |
Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
title_short |
Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
title_full |
Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
title_fullStr |
Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the Salish Sea |
title_sort |
range wide genetic differentiation in the bull kelp nereocystis luetkeana with a seascape genetic focus on the salish sea |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905/full |
genre |
Prince of Wales Island Alaska |
genre_facet |
Prince of Wales Island Alaska |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science volume 10 ISSN 2296-7745 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1275905 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
10 |
_version_ |
1810473291007131648 |