Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter
The pelagic tunicate Salpa thompsoni is recognized as a major metazoan grazer in the Southern Ocean. Long term observations show an increase in this species’ biomass and a southward shift in its distribution both of which are positively correlated with ocean warming and winter sea ice decline around...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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2022
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095/full |
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 2024-03-31T07:49:01+00:00 Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter Müller, Svenja J. Michael, Katharina Urso, Ilenia Sales, Gabriele De Pittà, Cristiano Suberg, Lavinia Wessels, Wiebke Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Meyer, Bettina Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Marine Science volume 9 ISSN 2296-7745 Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography journal-article 2022 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 2024-03-05T00:09:38Z The pelagic tunicate Salpa thompsoni is recognized as a major metazoan grazer in the Southern Ocean. Long term observations show an increase in this species’ biomass and a southward shift in its distribution both of which are positively correlated with ocean warming and winter sea ice decline around the Antarctic Peninsula. However, our understanding on how salps adapt their life cycle to the extreme seasonality of the Southern Ocean and the putative differences between its two reproductive forms (aggregates, solitaries) is rudimentary. In particular, our current knowledge of whether and how S. thompsoni overwinter is limited, largely due to winter sampling constraints. In this study, we investigated the form-specific gene expression profiles of Salpa thompsoni during the austral autumn and winter. Between the seasons, genes related to translation showed the biggest difference in gene expression. We found more genes were upregulated in solitaries compared to aggregates, indicating a potentially form-specific overwintering strategy. Our data provide first insights into the seasonal and form-specific physiology of salps by considering their complex life cycle, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the response of salps to seasonal changes in their environment and to anthropogenic induced global climate change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice Southern Ocean Frontiers (Publisher) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Frontiers in Marine Science 9 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers (Publisher) |
op_collection_id |
crfrontiers |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography Müller, Svenja J. Michael, Katharina Urso, Ilenia Sales, Gabriele De Pittà, Cristiano Suberg, Lavinia Wessels, Wiebke Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Meyer, Bettina Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
topic_facet |
Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology Aquatic Science Global and Planetary Change Oceanography |
description |
The pelagic tunicate Salpa thompsoni is recognized as a major metazoan grazer in the Southern Ocean. Long term observations show an increase in this species’ biomass and a southward shift in its distribution both of which are positively correlated with ocean warming and winter sea ice decline around the Antarctic Peninsula. However, our understanding on how salps adapt their life cycle to the extreme seasonality of the Southern Ocean and the putative differences between its two reproductive forms (aggregates, solitaries) is rudimentary. In particular, our current knowledge of whether and how S. thompsoni overwinter is limited, largely due to winter sampling constraints. In this study, we investigated the form-specific gene expression profiles of Salpa thompsoni during the austral autumn and winter. Between the seasons, genes related to translation showed the biggest difference in gene expression. We found more genes were upregulated in solitaries compared to aggregates, indicating a potentially form-specific overwintering strategy. Our data provide first insights into the seasonal and form-specific physiology of salps by considering their complex life cycle, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the response of salps to seasonal changes in their environment and to anthropogenic induced global climate change. |
author2 |
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Müller, Svenja J. Michael, Katharina Urso, Ilenia Sales, Gabriele De Pittà, Cristiano Suberg, Lavinia Wessels, Wiebke Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Meyer, Bettina |
author_facet |
Müller, Svenja J. Michael, Katharina Urso, Ilenia Sales, Gabriele De Pittà, Cristiano Suberg, Lavinia Wessels, Wiebke Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Meyer, Bettina |
author_sort |
Müller, Svenja J. |
title |
Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
title_short |
Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
title_full |
Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal and Form-Specific Gene Expression Signatures Uncover Different Generational Strategies of the Pelagic Tunicate Salpa thompsoni During the Southern Ocean Winter |
title_sort |
seasonal and form-specific gene expression signatures uncover different generational strategies of the pelagic tunicate salpa thompsoni during the southern ocean winter |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095/full |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science volume 9 ISSN 2296-7745 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914095 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
9 |
_version_ |
1795037437450256384 |