A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds
Continuous winter darkness at a latitude of 79°N was simulated in cultures of four species of Arctic seaweeds at 3 and 8°C. The laminarians Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta , and the rhodophytes Phycodrys rubens and Ptilota gunneri were monitored for 4 months in total darkness and after 1 w...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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2022
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209/full |
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 2024-10-13T14:05:01+00:00 A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds Gordillo, Francisco J. L. Carmona, Raquel Jiménez, Carlos 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 journal-article 2022 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 2024-09-24T04:03:39Z Continuous winter darkness at a latitude of 79°N was simulated in cultures of four species of Arctic seaweeds at 3 and 8°C. The laminarians Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta , and the rhodophytes Phycodrys rubens and Ptilota gunneri were monitored for 4 months in total darkness and after 1 week following light return in early spring, under controlled laboratory conditions. Biomass loss during darkness was enhanced by the high temperature in all species. At 8°C, the two laminarians were unable to resume growth upon re-illumination. Alaria esculenta showed new blade production by the end of the dark period, but only at 3°C. In all species, the photosynthetic ability was sustained, not suspended, during the whole dark period. P. rubens exhibited lower photosynthetic potential at 8°C than at 3°C during the darkness period, but it was able to recover its O 2 evolving potential upon re-illumination, as P. gunneri and S. latissima did, but the latter only at 3°C. The reactivation of photosynthesis seemed to involve photosystem II over photosystem I, as 7 d of photoperiod after the prolonged darkness was not enough to fully recover the PAM-related photosynthetic parameters. Only small changes were recorded in the internal chemical composition (total C, total N, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), but species-specific differences were observed. Unlike subarctic areas with an operating photoperiod along the year, a warmer polar night might pose a limit to the ability of multi-year seaweeds to occupy the new ice-free illuminated areas of the Arctic coasts, so that newcomers will potentially be restricted to the spring-summer season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic polar night Subarctic Frontiers (Publisher) Arctic Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
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Continuous winter darkness at a latitude of 79°N was simulated in cultures of four species of Arctic seaweeds at 3 and 8°C. The laminarians Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta , and the rhodophytes Phycodrys rubens and Ptilota gunneri were monitored for 4 months in total darkness and after 1 week following light return in early spring, under controlled laboratory conditions. Biomass loss during darkness was enhanced by the high temperature in all species. At 8°C, the two laminarians were unable to resume growth upon re-illumination. Alaria esculenta showed new blade production by the end of the dark period, but only at 3°C. In all species, the photosynthetic ability was sustained, not suspended, during the whole dark period. P. rubens exhibited lower photosynthetic potential at 8°C than at 3°C during the darkness period, but it was able to recover its O 2 evolving potential upon re-illumination, as P. gunneri and S. latissima did, but the latter only at 3°C. The reactivation of photosynthesis seemed to involve photosystem II over photosystem I, as 7 d of photoperiod after the prolonged darkness was not enough to fully recover the PAM-related photosynthetic parameters. Only small changes were recorded in the internal chemical composition (total C, total N, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), but species-specific differences were observed. Unlike subarctic areas with an operating photoperiod along the year, a warmer polar night might pose a limit to the ability of multi-year seaweeds to occupy the new ice-free illuminated areas of the Arctic coasts, so that newcomers will potentially be restricted to the spring-summer season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gordillo, Francisco J. L. Carmona, Raquel Jiménez, Carlos |
spellingShingle |
Gordillo, Francisco J. L. Carmona, Raquel Jiménez, Carlos A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
author_facet |
Gordillo, Francisco J. L. Carmona, Raquel Jiménez, Carlos |
author_sort |
Gordillo, Francisco J. L. |
title |
A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
title_short |
A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
title_full |
A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
title_fullStr |
A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Warmer Arctic Compromises Winter Survival of Habitat-Forming Seaweeds |
title_sort |
warmer arctic compromises winter survival of habitat-forming seaweeds |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209/full |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic polar night Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic polar night Subarctic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.750209 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
_version_ |
1812810871571742720 |