Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms
The utilization of marine renewable energies such as offshore wind farming leads to globally expanding human activities in marine habitats. While knowledge on the responses to offshore wind farms and associated shipping traffic is accumulating now at a fast pace, it becomes important to assess the p...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332/full |
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crfrontiers:10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 2024-05-19T07:40:37+00:00 Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms Vilela, Raul Burger, Claudia Diederichs, Ansgar Bachl, Fabian E. Szostek, Lesley Freund, Anika Braasch, Alexander Bellebaum, Jochen Beckers, Brian Piper, Werner Nehls, Georg 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332/full unknown Frontiers Media SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 journal-article 2021 crfrontiers https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 2024-04-24T07:13:01Z The utilization of marine renewable energies such as offshore wind farming leads to globally expanding human activities in marine habitats. While knowledge on the responses to offshore wind farms and associated shipping traffic is accumulating now at a fast pace, it becomes important to assess the population impacts on species affected by those activities. In the North Sea, the protected diver species Red-throated Diver ( Gavia stellata ) and Black-throated Diver ( Gavia arctica ) widely avoid offshore wind farms. We used an explicit spatio-temporal Bayesian model to get a robust estimate of the diver population during the spring season between 2001 and 2018, based on a set of aerial surveys from long-term monitoring programs within the German North Sea. Despite the erection of 20 offshore wind farms in the study area and marked responses of divers to wind farms, model results indicated that there was no population decline, and overall numbers fluctuated around 16,600 individuals, with average annual 95% CI ranging between 13,400 and 21,360 individuals. Although, avoidance behavior due to wind farm development led to a more narrowly focused spatial distribution of the birds centered in the persistent high concentration zone in the Eastern German Bight Special Protection Area, the results provide no indication of negative fitness consequences on these long-lived species. However, more research is needed on habitat use and food availability in this regard. Article in Journal/Newspaper Gavia arctica Frontiers (Publisher) Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
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The utilization of marine renewable energies such as offshore wind farming leads to globally expanding human activities in marine habitats. While knowledge on the responses to offshore wind farms and associated shipping traffic is accumulating now at a fast pace, it becomes important to assess the population impacts on species affected by those activities. In the North Sea, the protected diver species Red-throated Diver ( Gavia stellata ) and Black-throated Diver ( Gavia arctica ) widely avoid offshore wind farms. We used an explicit spatio-temporal Bayesian model to get a robust estimate of the diver population during the spring season between 2001 and 2018, based on a set of aerial surveys from long-term monitoring programs within the German North Sea. Despite the erection of 20 offshore wind farms in the study area and marked responses of divers to wind farms, model results indicated that there was no population decline, and overall numbers fluctuated around 16,600 individuals, with average annual 95% CI ranging between 13,400 and 21,360 individuals. Although, avoidance behavior due to wind farm development led to a more narrowly focused spatial distribution of the birds centered in the persistent high concentration zone in the Eastern German Bight Special Protection Area, the results provide no indication of negative fitness consequences on these long-lived species. However, more research is needed on habitat use and food availability in this regard. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vilela, Raul Burger, Claudia Diederichs, Ansgar Bachl, Fabian E. Szostek, Lesley Freund, Anika Braasch, Alexander Bellebaum, Jochen Beckers, Brian Piper, Werner Nehls, Georg |
spellingShingle |
Vilela, Raul Burger, Claudia Diederichs, Ansgar Bachl, Fabian E. Szostek, Lesley Freund, Anika Braasch, Alexander Bellebaum, Jochen Beckers, Brian Piper, Werner Nehls, Georg Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
author_facet |
Vilela, Raul Burger, Claudia Diederichs, Ansgar Bachl, Fabian E. Szostek, Lesley Freund, Anika Braasch, Alexander Bellebaum, Jochen Beckers, Brian Piper, Werner Nehls, Georg |
author_sort |
Vilela, Raul |
title |
Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
title_short |
Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
title_full |
Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
title_fullStr |
Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Use of an INLA Latent Gaussian Modeling Approach to Assess Bird Population Changes Due to the Development of Offshore Wind Farms |
title_sort |
use of an inla latent gaussian modeling approach to assess bird population changes due to the development of offshore wind farms |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332/full |
genre |
Gavia arctica |
genre_facet |
Gavia arctica |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science volume 8 ISSN 2296-7745 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.701332 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
_version_ |
1799480209602248704 |